Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star

Gebre Kalute; Tegegn Teferi; Efrem Amanuel

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11

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Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star

Gebre Kalute^*

, Tegegn Teferi

, Efrem Amanuel

Published in American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Volume 12, Issue 2)

Received: 21 April 2025 Accepted: 10 May 2025 Published: 21 June 2025

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Abstract

Studying the effect of magnetic fields on particle emission from the surface of neutron stars is vital for advancing our understanding of neutron star physics and high-energy astrophysical processes. One of the main topics in pulsar magnetospheric physics is the particle emission from neutron stars surface. This study investigates the role of multipolar magnetic fields in neutron star (NS) emission physics by incorporating higher-order field components into the standard dipole model. While past studies have primarily relied on a dipolar field configuration, recent observations suggest the presence of multipole components that significantly influence emission processes. Our findings show that higher-order multipole magnetic fields shape localized particle emission regions near the NS surface, while the dipole field dominates at larger distances. By considering the NS’s crust and superfluid core structure, as well as the effects of rapid rotation, we refine the understanding of magnetic field topologies and their impact on radiation mechanisms. This study highlights the necessity of incorporating multipolar magnetic fields for accurate modeling of pulsar and magnetar emissions. By investigating these effects, particularly the role of multipolar magnetic field components, researchers can refine theoretical models of emission mechanisms that go beyond the classical dipole framework. This has significant implications for interpreting observations of pulsars and magnetars, whose emission patterns, spectral features, and temporal variability often demand more complex field geometries. Furthermore, understanding particle emission driven by magnetic fields offers insight into neutron star spin-down evolution, magnetic field decay, and energy loss processes. Future work will involve detailed numerical simulations incorporating general relativistic effects and magnetosphere-plasma interactions.

Published in	American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Volume 12, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11
Page(s)	28-39
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Neutron Star, Neutron Star Surface, Multipole Magnetic Fields, Particle Emission

References

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APA Style

Kalute, G., Teferi, T., Amanuel, E. (2025). Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 12(2), 28-39. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11

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ACS Style

Kalute, G.; Teferi, T.; Amanuel, E. Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star. Am. J. Astron. Astrophys. 2025, 12(2), 28-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11

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AMA Style

Kalute G, Teferi T, Amanuel E. Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star. Am J Astron Astrophys. 2025;12(2):28-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11,
  author = {Gebre Kalute and Tegegn Teferi and Efrem Amanuel},
  title = {Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star},
  journal = {American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
  volume = {12},
  number = {2},
  pages = {28-39},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaa.20251202.11},
  abstract = {Studying the effect of magnetic fields on particle emission from the surface of neutron stars is vital for advancing our understanding of neutron star physics and high-energy astrophysical processes. One of the main topics in pulsar magnetospheric physics is the particle emission from neutron stars surface. This study investigates the role of multipolar magnetic fields in neutron star (NS) emission physics by incorporating higher-order field components into the standard dipole model. While past studies have primarily relied on a dipolar field configuration, recent observations suggest the presence of multipole components that significantly influence emission processes. Our findings show that higher-order multipole magnetic fields shape localized particle emission regions near the NS surface, while the dipole field dominates at larger distances. By considering the NS’s crust and superfluid core structure, as well as the effects of rapid rotation, we refine the understanding of magnetic field topologies and their impact on radiation mechanisms. This study highlights the necessity of incorporating multipolar magnetic fields for accurate modeling of pulsar and magnetar emissions. By investigating these effects, particularly the role of multipolar magnetic field components, researchers can refine theoretical models of emission mechanisms that go beyond the classical dipole framework. This has significant implications for interpreting observations of pulsars and magnetars, whose emission patterns, spectral features, and temporal variability often demand more complex field geometries. Furthermore, understanding particle emission driven by magnetic fields offers insight into neutron star spin-down evolution, magnetic field decay, and energy loss processes. Future work will involve detailed numerical simulations incorporating general relativistic effects and magnetosphere-plasma interactions.},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star
AU  - Gebre Kalute
AU  - Tegegn Teferi
AU  - Efrem Amanuel
Y1  - 2025/06/21
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11
T2  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JO  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
SP  - 28
EP  - 39
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-4686
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11
AB  - Studying the effect of magnetic fields on particle emission from the surface of neutron stars is vital for advancing our understanding of neutron star physics and high-energy astrophysical processes. One of the main topics in pulsar magnetospheric physics is the particle emission from neutron stars surface. This study investigates the role of multipolar magnetic fields in neutron star (NS) emission physics by incorporating higher-order field components into the standard dipole model. While past studies have primarily relied on a dipolar field configuration, recent observations suggest the presence of multipole components that significantly influence emission processes. Our findings show that higher-order multipole magnetic fields shape localized particle emission regions near the NS surface, while the dipole field dominates at larger distances. By considering the NS’s crust and superfluid core structure, as well as the effects of rapid rotation, we refine the understanding of magnetic field topologies and their impact on radiation mechanisms. This study highlights the necessity of incorporating multipolar magnetic fields for accurate modeling of pulsar and magnetar emissions. By investigating these effects, particularly the role of multipolar magnetic field components, researchers can refine theoretical models of emission mechanisms that go beyond the classical dipole framework. This has significant implications for interpreting observations of pulsars and magnetars, whose emission patterns, spectral features, and temporal variability often demand more complex field geometries. Furthermore, understanding particle emission driven by magnetic fields offers insight into neutron star spin-down evolution, magnetic field decay, and energy loss processes. Future work will involve detailed numerical simulations incorporating general relativistic effects and magnetosphere-plasma interactions.
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Gebre Kalute

Department of Physics, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2253-5842
Tegegn Teferi

Department of Physics, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7321-1947
Efrem Amanuel

Department of Physics, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0006-3668-5445

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APA Style

Kalute, G., Teferi, T., Amanuel, E. (2025). Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 12(2), 28-39. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11

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ACS Style

Kalute, G.; Teferi, T.; Amanuel, E. Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star. Am. J. Astron. Astrophys. 2025, 12(2), 28-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11

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AMA Style

Kalute G, Teferi T, Amanuel E. Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star. Am J Astron Astrophys. 2025;12(2):28-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11,
  author = {Gebre Kalute and Tegegn Teferi and Efrem Amanuel},
  title = {Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star},
  journal = {American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
  volume = {12},
  number = {2},
  pages = {28-39},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaa.20251202.11},
  abstract = {Studying the effect of magnetic fields on particle emission from the surface of neutron stars is vital for advancing our understanding of neutron star physics and high-energy astrophysical processes. One of the main topics in pulsar magnetospheric physics is the particle emission from neutron stars surface. This study investigates the role of multipolar magnetic fields in neutron star (NS) emission physics by incorporating higher-order field components into the standard dipole model. While past studies have primarily relied on a dipolar field configuration, recent observations suggest the presence of multipole components that significantly influence emission processes. Our findings show that higher-order multipole magnetic fields shape localized particle emission regions near the NS surface, while the dipole field dominates at larger distances. By considering the NS’s crust and superfluid core structure, as well as the effects of rapid rotation, we refine the understanding of magnetic field topologies and their impact on radiation mechanisms. This study highlights the necessity of incorporating multipolar magnetic fields for accurate modeling of pulsar and magnetar emissions. By investigating these effects, particularly the role of multipolar magnetic field components, researchers can refine theoretical models of emission mechanisms that go beyond the classical dipole framework. This has significant implications for interpreting observations of pulsars and magnetars, whose emission patterns, spectral features, and temporal variability often demand more complex field geometries. Furthermore, understanding particle emission driven by magnetic fields offers insight into neutron star spin-down evolution, magnetic field decay, and energy loss processes. Future work will involve detailed numerical simulations incorporating general relativistic effects and magnetosphere-plasma interactions.},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Magnetic Field on Particle Emission from the Surface of Neutron Star
AU  - Gebre Kalute
AU  - Tegegn Teferi
AU  - Efrem Amanuel
Y1  - 2025/06/21
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11
T2  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JO  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
SP  - 28
EP  - 39
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-4686
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20251202.11
AB  - Studying the effect of magnetic fields on particle emission from the surface of neutron stars is vital for advancing our understanding of neutron star physics and high-energy astrophysical processes. One of the main topics in pulsar magnetospheric physics is the particle emission from neutron stars surface. This study investigates the role of multipolar magnetic fields in neutron star (NS) emission physics by incorporating higher-order field components into the standard dipole model. While past studies have primarily relied on a dipolar field configuration, recent observations suggest the presence of multipole components that significantly influence emission processes. Our findings show that higher-order multipole magnetic fields shape localized particle emission regions near the NS surface, while the dipole field dominates at larger distances. By considering the NS’s crust and superfluid core structure, as well as the effects of rapid rotation, we refine the understanding of magnetic field topologies and their impact on radiation mechanisms. This study highlights the necessity of incorporating multipolar magnetic fields for accurate modeling of pulsar and magnetar emissions. By investigating these effects, particularly the role of multipolar magnetic field components, researchers can refine theoretical models of emission mechanisms that go beyond the classical dipole framework. This has significant implications for interpreting observations of pulsars and magnetars, whose emission patterns, spectral features, and temporal variability often demand more complex field geometries. Furthermore, understanding particle emission driven by magnetic fields offers insight into neutron star spin-down evolution, magnetic field decay, and energy loss processes. Future work will involve detailed numerical simulations incorporating general relativistic effects and magnetosphere-plasma interactions.
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
ER  -

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