Mango considered as a major fresh fruit used in the world and produced in several tropical and sub-tropical countries. The production of the crop has increased at alarming rate in the producing areas to feed its demands increments. It is a major fruit widely grown in Ethiopia and placed on second rank in terms of area coverage. Its production in Ethiopia is very low as compared to other countries production and potential of the crop. Even though, many factors reported by farmers, affordability agricultural inputs mainly fertilizers, pesticides and pests are the major challenges for the production of the crop. Recently, white mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis is the major problem affecting mango production in Ethiopia. This pest was first reported in Loko, Guto Gidda district, east Wollega zone of the Oromia region on August, 2010. The infestation of pest has been speeded at an alarming rate and recorded from almost all mango producing areas of the country. Its population dynamics is increased from October to March and reached the highest peak on April in Didesa and Green focus sites. While, at Bako areas, the population of the pest increased from October to April and reached the highest on May. Pruning supported with insecticides decreased the infestation of the pest. But natural enemies showed promised results in South Africa; as a result in Ethiopia it is on the process to introduce these bio-agents. Integrated approaches of biological control agents, cultural practices and insecticide for the sustainable and eco-friendly management option needs further study.
| Published in | Bioprocess Engineering (Volume 5, Issue 1) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.be.20210501.13 |
| Page(s) | 17-22 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Distribution, Damage, Pruning, Natural Enemy, IPM
| [1] | Evans E. A., Fredy H. Ballen and Muhammad Siddiq. 2017. Mango Production, Global Trade, Consumption Trends, and Postharvest Processing and Nutrition: in Muhammad Siddiq, Jeffrey K. Brecht and Jiwan S. Sidhu (eds). 2017. Handbook of Mango Fruit: Production, Postharvest Science, Processing Technology and Nutrition. Pp. 1-16. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
| [2] | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO. 2015. Crop Production Data [Online]. Available: http://faostat3.fao.org/browse/Q/QC/E. |
| [3] | Fita T. 2014). White mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis, distribution and severity status in east and west wollega zones, western Ethiopia. Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal 3 (3): 1-10. |
| [4] | Dessalegn Y, Assefa H, Derso T, Tefera M (2014). Mango production knowledge and technological gaps of smallholder farmers in Amhara region, Ethiopia. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences 10 (1): 28-39. |
| [5] | Central Statistical Agency (CSA). 2020. Report on Area and production of major Crops (Private Peasant Holdings, Meher Season). Statistical Bulletin-587. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [6] | Daniel Carrillo, Andrea Birke, Larissa Guillen and J. E. Peña. 2017. Pests of Mango. In: Muhammad Siddiq, Jeffrey K. Brecht and Jiwan S. Sidhu (eds). Handbook of Mango Fruit: Production, Postharvest Science, Processing Technology and Nutrition. Pp. 61-90. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
| [7] | Tiwari R, Baghel BS (2014). Effect of intercropping on plant and soil of Dashehari mango orchard under low productive environments. Asian Journal of Horticulture 9 (2): 439-442. |
| [8] | Tewodros B. Neguse, Fredah K. R. Wanzala, Wassu M. Ali, Willis O. Owino and Githiri S. Mwangi. 2019. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) production practices and constraints in major production regions of Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 14 (4): 185-196. DOI: 10.5897/AJAR2018.13608. |
| [9] | Griesbach J. 2003. Mango growing in Kenya. World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF). Nairobi, Kenya. |
| [10] | Bally ISE. 2011. Advances in research and development of mango industry. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 33: 57-63. |
| [11] | Nasution F (2013). The pruning on mango (Mangifera indica L.). ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 8 (2): 1990-1992. |
| [12] | Colyn J.; B. Schaffer. 1993. The South African mango industry. Fourth international mango symposium, Miami, Florida, USA, 5-10 July 1992. Acta Horticulturae 341: 60-68. |
| [13] | Joubert, P. H.; Daneel, M. S.; Grove, T. and Pichakum, A. 2000a. Progress towards integrated pest management (IPM) on mangoes in South Africa. Acta Horticulturae No. 509: 811-817. |
| [14] | Peña, J. E., A. I. Mohyuddin and M. Wysoki. 1997. The current mango pests management in the tropics and subtropics. Acta Horticulturae 455: 812-820. |
| [15] | Morsi, G. A.; M. F. Girgis, and Mahasen, A. Abdel-Aziz. 2002. The Population Density of the Mango Scale, Aulacaspis Tubercularis (Newstead) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) and its Parasitoids in Middle Egypt. 2nd International Conference, Plant Protection Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt, 21-24 December, 2002. |
| [16] | CABI. 2018. Data sheet. Aulacaspis tubercularis (mango scale). Invasive Species Compendium. |
| [17] | Mohammed Dawd, Belay H/Gabriel, Lemma Ayele, Konjit Feleke and Seyoum Hailemariam Teshome Burka. 2012. White mango scale: A new insect pest of mango in western Ethiopia. Eshetu Derso, Asfaw Zelleke, Lemma Desalegne, Zemedu Worku, Hailemichael K/Mariam, Getachew Tabore and Ynew Getachew (Eds.). Proceedings of the 3rd Biennal Conference of Ethiopian Horticultural Science Society (EHSS). Volume III. 257-267pp. 4-5 February, 2011. Addis Ababa. Ethiopia. |
| [18] | Joubert, P. H., M. S. Daneel; T. Grove; and A. Pichakum. 2000b. Progress towards integrated pest management (IPM) on mangoes in South Africa. Acta Horticulturae No. 509: 811-817. |
| [19] | Hodges, G. and Hamon, A. 2006. Pest Alert. White mango scale Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Coccoidea: Diaspididae). Florida Department of Agriculture and Costumer Services. Division of Plant Industry. http://www.doacs.state.fl.us/pi/enpp/ento/aulacaspis-tubercularis.html. |
| [20] | Ofgaa Djirata, Emana Getu and R. Kahuthia-Gathu. 2019. A survey of geographical distribution and host range of white mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in Western Ethiopia. Journal of Entomology and Nematology, 11 (5): 59-65. DOI: 10.5897/JEN2019.0228. |
| [21] | Teshale Daba, Tesfaye, Belay Habtegebriel and Tariku Tesfaye. 2019. Distribution and Population Dynamics of the White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis in Southwest Ethiopia. Volume 20 Issue 1 - February 2019. Agri Res & Tech: Open Access J. DOI: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2019.20.556117. |
| [22] | Abo-Shanab, A. S. H. 2012. Suppression white mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on mango trees in El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt. Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci., 5 (3): 43-50. |
| [23] | Ascher, K. R. S., Ben-Dov, Y., Labuschagne, T. I., Van Hamburg, H. and Froneman, I. J. (1995): Population dynamics of the mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis (Newstead) (Coccoidea: Diaspididae), in South Africa. Israel J. Entomol., 29: 207-217. |
| [24] | Erichsen C. and Schoeman A (1992). Economic Losses Due to Insect Pests on Avocado Fruit in the Nelspruit/Hazyview Region of South Africa During 199. South African Avocado Growers’ Association Yearbook, University of Pretoria, Pretoria. |
| [25] | Hodges AC, Hodges GS. and Wisler GC (2005). Exotic scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidae) and white flies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Florida’s tropical fruits: an example of the vital role of early detection in pest prevention and management. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 118: 215-217. |
| [26] | Malumphy C. (2014). An annotated checklist of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Saint Lucia, Lesser Antilles. Zootaxa 3846 (1): 69-86. |
| [27] | Hodges G. and Hamon A. (2016). White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Coccoidea: Diaspididae). Pest Alert, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Pest Alert Division of Plant Industry, Pest Alert. |
| [28] | Buss, E. A. and Turner, J. C. (2006). Scale Insects and Mealybugs on Ornamental Plants. University of Florida, Arrington. 6pp. |
| [29] | Johnson, P. J. (2008). Scale insects on orchids, http://nathist.sdstate.edu/orchids/pests/scales. htm (Assessed 25 December 2020). |
| [30] | Tesfaye Hailu, Solomon Tsegaye and Tadele Wakuma (2014). White mango scale insect’s infestations and its implications in Guto Gida and Diga Distrcts of East Wellega Zone. ABC Research Alert 2: 1-33. |
| [31] | Bautista-Rosales, P. U., Ragazzo-Sánchez, J. A., Calderón-Santoyo, M., Cortéz-Mondaca, E. and Servín-Villegas, R.(2013). Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead in mango orchards of Nayarit, Mexico, and relationship with environmental and agronomic factors. Southwestern Entomologist 38 (2): 221-230. |
| [32] | Ofgaa Djirata. 2017. A Bionomics and Management of White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Homoptera: Diaspididae) on Mango in Western Ethiopia, and Central and Eastern Kenya. PhD dissertation, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [33] | Belay Habtegebriel, Dawit Melisie, Hunde Kidane, Teshale Daba and Ferdu Azerefegn. 2020a. Control of the white mango scale Aulacaspis tubercularis (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Diaspididae) with systemic soil drenching insecticides and pruning in greater than ten years old mangos in western Ethiopia. Israel Journal of Entomology, 50 (1): 65-73. |
| [34] | Belay Habtegebriel, Dawit Melisie, Teshale Daba, Tesfaye Hailu and Ferdu Azerefegn. 2020b. Integrated Control of the White Mango Scale Through Tree Management and Soil Drenching with a Systemic Insecticide in Western Ethiopia. Ethiop. J. Agric. Sci. 30 (2): 25-32. |
| [35] | Prinsloo, Gerhard and Uys, Vivienne. (2015). Insects of Cultivated Plants and Natural Pastures in Southern Africa. |
| [36] | Gashawbeza Ayalew, Abiy Fekadu and Birhanu Sisay ( 2015). Appearance and chemical control of white mango scale (Aulacaspis tubercularis) in Central Rift Valley. Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal 4: 59-63. |
| [37] | Ofgaa Djirata. 2020. Evaluation of Some Insecticides against White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis Tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on Mango in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, 7 (2): 86-92. |
| [38] | Brodeur M, R, Bouvet C, Barrette M and Moreau P. 2013. Palmitic Acid Increases Medial Calcification by Inducing Oxidative Stress. J Vasc Res 2013; 50: 430-441. doi: 10.1159/000354235 |
| [39] | Nabil, H., Shahein, A. A., Hammad, K. A. A. and Hassan, A. S.. (2012). Ecological studies of Aulacaspis tubercularis (Diaspididae: Hemiptera) and its natural enemies infesting mango trees in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. 5. 9-17. 10.21608/eajbsa.2012.13825. |
| [40] | Daneel, M. S. and Joubert, P. H. (2009). Biological control of the mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis newstead (Coccidea: Diaspididae) by a parasitoid Aphytis, chionaspis ren (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Acta Horticultural, 820: 567-574. |
APA Style
Belay Abate, Nagassa Dechassa. (2021). White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae): A Challenging Mango Productions in Ethiopia: A Review. Bioprocess Engineering, 5(1), 17-22. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20210501.13
ACS Style
Belay Abate; Nagassa Dechassa. White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae): A Challenging Mango Productions in Ethiopia: A Review. Bioprocess Eng. 2021, 5(1), 17-22. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20210501.13
AMA Style
Belay Abate, Nagassa Dechassa. White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae): A Challenging Mango Productions in Ethiopia: A Review. Bioprocess Eng. 2021;5(1):17-22. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20210501.13
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.be.20210501.13,
author = {Belay Abate and Nagassa Dechassa},
title = {White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae): A Challenging Mango Productions in Ethiopia: A Review},
journal = {Bioprocess Engineering},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {17-22},
doi = {10.11648/j.be.20210501.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20210501.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.be.20210501.13},
abstract = {Mango considered as a major fresh fruit used in the world and produced in several tropical and sub-tropical countries. The production of the crop has increased at alarming rate in the producing areas to feed its demands increments. It is a major fruit widely grown in Ethiopia and placed on second rank in terms of area coverage. Its production in Ethiopia is very low as compared to other countries production and potential of the crop. Even though, many factors reported by farmers, affordability agricultural inputs mainly fertilizers, pesticides and pests are the major challenges for the production of the crop. Recently, white mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis is the major problem affecting mango production in Ethiopia. This pest was first reported in Loko, Guto Gidda district, east Wollega zone of the Oromia region on August, 2010. The infestation of pest has been speeded at an alarming rate and recorded from almost all mango producing areas of the country. Its population dynamics is increased from October to March and reached the highest peak on April in Didesa and Green focus sites. While, at Bako areas, the population of the pest increased from October to April and reached the highest on May. Pruning supported with insecticides decreased the infestation of the pest. But natural enemies showed promised results in South Africa; as a result in Ethiopia it is on the process to introduce these bio-agents. Integrated approaches of biological control agents, cultural practices and insecticide for the sustainable and eco-friendly management option needs further study.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae): A Challenging Mango Productions in Ethiopia: A Review AU - Belay Abate AU - Nagassa Dechassa Y1 - 2021/06/21 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20210501.13 DO - 10.11648/j.be.20210501.13 T2 - Bioprocess Engineering JF - Bioprocess Engineering JO - Bioprocess Engineering SP - 17 EP - 22 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2578-8701 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20210501.13 AB - Mango considered as a major fresh fruit used in the world and produced in several tropical and sub-tropical countries. The production of the crop has increased at alarming rate in the producing areas to feed its demands increments. It is a major fruit widely grown in Ethiopia and placed on second rank in terms of area coverage. Its production in Ethiopia is very low as compared to other countries production and potential of the crop. Even though, many factors reported by farmers, affordability agricultural inputs mainly fertilizers, pesticides and pests are the major challenges for the production of the crop. Recently, white mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis is the major problem affecting mango production in Ethiopia. This pest was first reported in Loko, Guto Gidda district, east Wollega zone of the Oromia region on August, 2010. The infestation of pest has been speeded at an alarming rate and recorded from almost all mango producing areas of the country. Its population dynamics is increased from October to March and reached the highest peak on April in Didesa and Green focus sites. While, at Bako areas, the population of the pest increased from October to April and reached the highest on May. Pruning supported with insecticides decreased the infestation of the pest. But natural enemies showed promised results in South Africa; as a result in Ethiopia it is on the process to introduce these bio-agents. Integrated approaches of biological control agents, cultural practices and insecticide for the sustainable and eco-friendly management option needs further study. VL - 5 IS - 1 ER -
Information
Email: