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Two-dimensional Numerical Analysis of Waves at Interface of Laminar Core-annular Flow in Vertical Pipe: Detailed Investigation of Influence of Several Physical Parameters

Received: 22 December 2023    Accepted: 3 January 2024    Published: 24 January 2024
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Abstract

In this study, a two-dimensional numerical analysis is made of the waves at the interface between the core and the annulus of a laminar core-annular flow in a vertical pipe. The Reynolds number did not exceed 600. The volume-of-fluid method in the interFoam solver from the OpenFOAM software package (version 2.1) was used. This solver employs finite volume discretization, and cell face interpolated variables play a major role in the solution algorithm. The influences on the waves of the pressure drop along the pipe, the buoyancy due to the density difference between the core liquid and annular liquid, the thickness of the annular layer, the viscosity of the core liquid, and the pipe length were considered. The surface tension at the interface in relation to several of these factors was also considered. In addition, theoretical and experimental results of previous studies were compared with our numerical results. Novel results were obtained that indicated the effects of the surface tension, pipe length, and thickness of the annular layer on the waves in laminar core-annular flow. Possible fouling of the pipe wall by the core liquid was also considered. The study and practical application of core-annular flow were found to be possible using numerical analysis.

Published in Petroleum Science and Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.pse.20240801.12
Page(s) 7-15
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Waves, Laminar Core-annular Flow, Vertical Pipe, Numerical Study

References
[1] D. D. Joseph, R. Bai, K. R. Chen, and Y. Y. Renardy, Core-annular flows. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 29, 65-40, 1997.
[2] R. Bai, K. Kelkar, and D. D. Joseph, Direct simulation of interfacial waves in a high-viscosity ratio, axisymmetric core-annular flow. J. Fluid Mech. 327, 1-34, 1996.
[3] S. Ghosh, G. Das, and P. K. Das, Simulation of core annular downflow through CFD ¨C A comprehensive study. Chem. Eng. Process. 49, 1222-1228, 2010.
[4] K. Chen, R. Bai, and D. D. Joseph, Lubricated pipelining. Part 3: Stability of core-annular flow in vertical pipes. J. Fluid Mech. 214, 251-286, 1990.
[5] O. M. Rodriguez and A. C. Bannwart, Experimental study of interfacial waves in vertical core flow. J. Petroleum Sci. Eng. 54, 140-148, 2006.
[6] N. Brauner and D. M. Maron, Classification of liquid- liquid two-phase flow systems and the prediction of flow pattern maps. 2nd Int. Symp. Two-Phase Flow Modeling and Experimentation, vol. 99, pp. 747-754, 1995.
[7] O. M. Rodriguez and A. C. Bannwart, Analytical model for interfacial waves in vertical core flow. J. Petroleum Sci. Eng. 54, 173-182, 2006.
[8] J. C. Beerens, G. Ooms, M. J. B. M. Pourquie, and J. Westerweel, A comparison between numerical predictions and theoretical and experimental results for laminar core-annular flow. AIChE J. 60, 3046-3056, 2014.
[9] S. Deshpande, L. Ammolu, and M. Trujillo, Evaluating the performance of the two-phase flow solver interFoam. Comput. Sci. Discovery 5, 014016, 2012.
[10] D. D. Joseph and Y. Y. Renardy, Fundamentals of Two Fluid Dynamics, Part II: Lubricated Transport, Springer Science + Business Media, New York, 1993.
[11] J. Li and Y. Renardi, Direct simulation of unsteady axisymmetric core-annular flow with high viscosity ratio. J. Fluid Mech. 391, 123-149, 1999.
[12] H. Li, M. J. B. M. Pourquie, G. Ooms, and R. A. W. M. Henkes, Simulation of turbulent annulus with interfacial waves in core-annular pipe flow. Int. J. Multiph. Flow 154, 104152, 2022.
[13] E. Ingen Housz, G. Ooms, R.A.W.M. Henked and M. J. B. M. Pourquie, A comparison between numerical predictions and experimental results for horizontal core- annular flow with a turbulent annulus. Int. J. Multiph. Flow 95, 271-282, 2017.
[14] K. Kim and H. Choi, Direct numerical simulation of a turbulent core-annular flow with water-lubricated high viscosity oil in a vertical pipe. J. Fluid Mech. 849, 419- 447, 2018.
[15] J. Fan, H. Li, M. J .B. M. Pourquie, G. Ooms and R. A. W. M. Henkes, Simulation of the hydrodynamics in the onset of fouling for oil-water core-annular flow in a horizontal pipe. J. Petroleum Sci. Eng. 207, 109084, 2021.
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  • APA Style

    Ooms, G., Pourquie, M. (2024). Two-dimensional Numerical Analysis of Waves at Interface of Laminar Core-annular Flow in Vertical Pipe: Detailed Investigation of Influence of Several Physical Parameters. Petroleum Science and Engineering, 8(1), 7-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20240801.12

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    ACS Style

    Ooms, G.; Pourquie, M. Two-dimensional Numerical Analysis of Waves at Interface of Laminar Core-annular Flow in Vertical Pipe: Detailed Investigation of Influence of Several Physical Parameters. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2024, 8(1), 7-15. doi: 10.11648/j.pse.20240801.12

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    AMA Style

    Ooms G, Pourquie M. Two-dimensional Numerical Analysis of Waves at Interface of Laminar Core-annular Flow in Vertical Pipe: Detailed Investigation of Influence of Several Physical Parameters. Pet Sci Eng. 2024;8(1):7-15. doi: 10.11648/j.pse.20240801.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.pse.20240801.12,
      author = {Gijsbert Ooms and Mathieu Pourquie},
      title = {Two-dimensional Numerical Analysis of Waves at Interface of Laminar Core-annular Flow in Vertical Pipe: Detailed Investigation of Influence of Several Physical Parameters},
      journal = {Petroleum Science and Engineering},
      volume = {8},
      number = {1},
      pages = {7-15},
      doi = {10.11648/j.pse.20240801.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20240801.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.pse.20240801.12},
      abstract = {In this study, a two-dimensional numerical analysis is made of the waves at the interface between the core and the annulus of a laminar core-annular flow in a vertical pipe. The Reynolds number did not exceed 600. The volume-of-fluid method in the interFoam solver from the OpenFOAM software package (version 2.1) was used. This solver employs finite volume discretization, and cell face interpolated variables play a major role in the solution algorithm. The influences on the waves of the pressure drop along the pipe, the buoyancy due to the density difference between the core liquid and annular liquid, the thickness of the annular layer, the viscosity of the core liquid, and the pipe length were considered. The surface tension at the interface in relation to several of these factors was also considered. In addition, theoretical and experimental results of previous studies were compared with our numerical results. Novel results were obtained that indicated the effects of the surface tension, pipe length, and thickness of the annular layer on the waves in laminar core-annular flow. Possible fouling of the pipe wall by the core liquid was also considered. The study and practical application of core-annular flow were found to be possible using numerical analysis.},
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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    T1  - Two-dimensional Numerical Analysis of Waves at Interface of Laminar Core-annular Flow in Vertical Pipe: Detailed Investigation of Influence of Several Physical Parameters
    AU  - Gijsbert Ooms
    AU  - Mathieu Pourquie
    Y1  - 2024/01/24
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.pse.20240801.12
    T2  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
    JF  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
    JO  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20240801.12
    AB  - In this study, a two-dimensional numerical analysis is made of the waves at the interface between the core and the annulus of a laminar core-annular flow in a vertical pipe. The Reynolds number did not exceed 600. The volume-of-fluid method in the interFoam solver from the OpenFOAM software package (version 2.1) was used. This solver employs finite volume discretization, and cell face interpolated variables play a major role in the solution algorithm. The influences on the waves of the pressure drop along the pipe, the buoyancy due to the density difference between the core liquid and annular liquid, the thickness of the annular layer, the viscosity of the core liquid, and the pipe length were considered. The surface tension at the interface in relation to several of these factors was also considered. In addition, theoretical and experimental results of previous studies were compared with our numerical results. Novel results were obtained that indicated the effects of the surface tension, pipe length, and thickness of the annular layer on the waves in laminar core-annular flow. Possible fouling of the pipe wall by the core liquid was also considered. The study and practical application of core-annular flow were found to be possible using numerical analysis.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 1
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Author Information
  • J. M. Burgerscentrum, Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

  • J. M. Burgerscentrum, Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

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