Effect of Priming on Seed Quality of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Varieties at Assosa, Western Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, June 2020
Pages:
59-72
Received:
14 October 2019
Accepted:
26 November 2019
Published:
28 April 2020
Abstract: Benishagul state of Ethiopia is a potential place for soybean seed production but, seed quality production is the major problem under this place. So that, the use of seed priming techniques before seed sowing has been the best solution to overcome seed quality problem. Experiment was carried out at Haramaya University seed science laboratory. The objective of the experiment was to determine the effect of priming on seed quality of soybean varieties. The experiment had three varieties (Belessa95, Wello and Gishama), three priming types [GA3 (100PPM), KH2PO4 (50 PP) and water] and three priming durations (0, 6, 12 hours) were evaluated using a randomized complete block design for field experiment. Seed were harvested and seed quality analysis was tested at laboratory by using completely Randomized Design in three replications. The result of the study showed that highly significant (P≤0.01) difference between interaction of varieties by, priming type and soaking durations for Seedling dry weight, seedling vigor index-2, speed of germination, Electrical conductivity and field emergence index and significant (P≤0.05) difference for seedling vigor index-1 were observed. Varieties by priming type interaction showed highly significant (P≤0.01) difference for seedling dry weight, seedling vigor index-2, speed of germination, electrical conductivity and field emergence index. The highest shoot length were observed for Belessa95 varieties primed with GA3 (16.31cm) and the highest root length were observed for Belessa95 varieties (6.98cm) and seed primed with water (7.22cm). The highest seedling dry weight was recorded when Belessa95 variety primed with water for 12hr (250 gm). The highest seedling vigor index1 was recorded when Gishema variety primed with KH2PO4 for 6hr (2202.20), the highest seedling vigor index2 was recorded when Belessa95 variety primed with water for 12hr (23673) and the highest Speed of Germination was recorded when Wello variety primed with water for 6hr (42.89). Colletotrichum dematium, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium spp, Alternaria spp, Tricodormal spp, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium spp, Cladosporium spp, Curvularia lunata, Rhizoctonia bataticola, Rhizopus spp, Macrophomina spp, yeast, Chaetomium spp, Sphacelomia glycines and Xanthomonas campestri were disease identified from seed sample. Soybean varieties primed with water and GA3 priming medias exhibited the better results in improving seed quality followed by KH2PO4. Hence, Water priming was recommended to user to overcome the problems of poor crop emergence and establishments under adverse environmental condition.
Abstract: Benishagul state of Ethiopia is a potential place for soybean seed production but, seed quality production is the major problem under this place. So that, the use of seed priming techniques before seed sowing has been the best solution to overcome seed quality problem. Experiment was carried out at Haramaya University seed science laboratory. The o...
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The Application of Satellite Imagery in Surface Water/Lake Modelling: A Review of Previous Studies on Lake Tana and Its Basin
Nuredin Teshome,
Gizaw Mengistu Tsidu,
Bisrat Kifle
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, June 2020
Pages:
73-83
Received:
25 December 2019
Accepted:
26 May 2020
Published:
17 June 2020
Abstract: Satellite images give a synoptic view of target areas, measure target surface changes and provide the information needed for hydrological studies, river or Lake Basin management, water disaster prevention, and water management. Lake Tana is located at an altitude of 1830 m and latitude longitude of 11.27°N and 37.10°E. The lake is the source of the Blue Nile River and it is the largest lake in Ethiopia with a surface area of 3,150 km2, a maximum length and width of 78 and 68 km respectively. In the past, several studies have been published on Lake Tana and its basin in a scattered manner. This necessitates state of the art review that highlights achievements, models, algorithms, and identify gaps in knowledge. Different types of hydrological models have been applied. The majority of the recent studies utilized simple conceptual and statistical approaches for trend analysis and water balance estimations, mainly using rainfall, temperature and evapo-transpiration data. To a greater extent, recent studies have used advanced semi-physically or physically based distributed hydrological models driven by high resolution temporal and spatial data for diverse applications. A review of the methods used and the role of satellite remote sensing in this regard to understand the hydrology of Lake Tana and its basin are presented.
Abstract: Satellite images give a synoptic view of target areas, measure target surface changes and provide the information needed for hydrological studies, river or Lake Basin management, water disaster prevention, and water management. Lake Tana is located at an altitude of 1830 m and latitude longitude of 11.27°N and 37.10°E. The lake is the source of the...
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Assessment on Ecological Distribution of ‘Crematogaster chiarinii’ ant in South-western Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, June 2020
Pages:
84-89
Received:
20 December 2019
Accepted:
21 April 2020
Published:
23 June 2020
Abstract: The study was conducted in selected districts of kafa, sheka and Benchi maji zones of Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region of Ethiopia with an intention to identify the agroecological distribution level of cr. chiarinii ant. The study was under taken through collection of survey data from respondent beekeepers and conducting transect views. According to the survey result, of the total transect views covering 167 kms distances with 50 meters horizontal width and observation covered altitudes ranging from 800 to 2400 m.as.l. Nearly equivalent transect distances were considered for each agro ecologies (High land, mid land and low lands containing 60, 50 and 57 kilometers respectively). A total of 497 nests were counted during the transect. Of which 387 (77%) were counted in mid lands (1500-1900 m.a.s.l.); 60 (12%) of the nests counted in low lands (<1500 m.a.s.l.) and 50 (10%) of them were counted in high lands (>1900 to 2400 m.a.s.l.). The Proportions of respondents using Cr. chiarinii as biological protection means against D. quadratus varied from 19.17% in Benchi Maji zone to 43.33% in Sheka zone whith an overall mean of 27.78%. There is no significant varriation between male and females (at p<0.05) in using Cr. chiarinii as a potential biological pest prevention mechanism (28.4% versus 20.69%). In the curent study, the distribution of the ant was higher in mid lands (1500-1900m.a.s.l) and declining as we go up over 1900 m.a.s.l and lower than 1500 m.a.s.l. Particularly, in areas of extreme low altitudes the ant was noted to be very selective to areas with better moisture contents and is highly selective to areas with old trees and better vegetation cover is found. However, it is not selective to plant types and its distribution gets declining in areas with less forest coverage and intenssive cultivation is under taken.
Abstract: The study was conducted in selected districts of kafa, sheka and Benchi maji zones of Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region of Ethiopia with an intention to identify the agroecological distribution level of cr. chiarinii ant. The study was under taken through collection of survey data from respondent beekeepers and conducting transect v...
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