Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers

Dobgima J. Fonmboh; Tembe Estella Achick; Fokunang Charles Ntungwen; Bup Nde Divine

doi:doi:10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13

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Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers

Dobgima J. Fonmboh, Tembe Estella Achick, Fokunang Charles Ntungwen, Bup Nde Divine

Published in Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 27 October 2018 Accepted: 17 September 2019 Published: 19 November 2019

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Abstract

The physical properties of agricultural products are necessary for the design of equipment for post-harvest treatments and storage. The physical characteristics of two varieties (Ateehteu and Lamsie) of wild orchid tubers used for the production of an endogenously processed food eaten as a meat replacement were determined. Directly measured properties (tuber length, width, thickness, mass, true volume and bulk volume) and derived properties (sphericity, shape index, size, porosity, true and bulk density) were evaluated at 86.11% and 79.01% (wb) moisture contents of Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively. The mean ranges respectively recorded for Ateehteu and Lamsie were: mass (1.70 – 5.79) g; (1.24 – 7.65) g, length (18.94 – 32.01) mm; (9.84 – 27.54) mm, width (11.91 – 19.34) mm; (6.91 – 18.79) mm; thickness (5.07 – 24.50) mm; (1.09 – 22.77) mm, true volume (1.37 – 5.68) ml; (1.52 – 7.28), and bulk volume (29.67 – 30.58) ml; (31.50 – 32.84) ml. For the derived properties, Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively gave, sphericity (60.49 – 81.00)%; (62.72– 87.81)%, shape index (1.18 – 2.34)%; (1.08 – 2.19)%, true density (0.58 – 1.82) g/ml; (0.84 – 1.15) g/ml, bulk density (0.53 – 0.61) g/ml; (0.50 – 0.54) g/ml, porosity (0.76 – 1.00), (0.87 – 1.07); and bulk porosity (0.47 – 0.51); (0.45 – 0.47). The repose angle was (26.06 – 32.92)° and (28.28 – 32.86)° while the coefficient of static friction on four surfaces viz aluminium sheet, rubber, leather and plywood were (0.27 – 0.44); (0.13 – 0.63), (0.32 – 0.49); (0.88 – 0.95), (0.16 – 0.64); (0.31 – 0.55); (0.33 – 0.62); (0.48 – 2.75). There were significant variations in physical dimensions of Lamsie; larger mass and true volume, sphericity and repose angle compared to Ateehteu. There was significant variation in the coefficient of static friction on aluminium sheet, rubber, leather and plywood respectively for Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively with no variation in the coefficient of dynamic friction on the same surfaces for Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively. The negative values obtained for some derived shape parameters (flattening and ellipticity) which consequently affected the surface area is an indication that the shape assumption of the tubers as oblate or prolate requires verification. There is therefore need to correlated the directly measured properties to obtain an empirical formula to calculate each corresponding parameter and analyse to obtain the best fit. It is therefore promising to design a process plan to harvest, transports, handle, sort and separate, grade, convey stock and process the tubers into Nyam ngub.

Published in	Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13
Page(s)	72-80
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Physical Characteristics, Wild Orchid, Tubers, Varieties, Ateehteu, Lamsie, Nyam ngub

References

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Dobgima J. Fonmboh, Tembe Estella Achick, Fokunang Charles Ntungwen, Bup Nde Divine. (2019). Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers. Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, 7(4), 72-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13

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Dobgima J. Fonmboh; Tembe Estella Achick; Fokunang Charles Ntungwen; Bup Nde Divine. Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers. Adv. BioSci. Bioeng. 2019, 7(4), 72-80. doi: 10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13

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AMA Style

Dobgima J. Fonmboh, Tembe Estella Achick, Fokunang Charles Ntungwen, Bup Nde Divine. Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers. Adv BioSci Bioeng. 2019;7(4):72-80. doi: 10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13

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@article{10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13,
  author = {Dobgima J. Fonmboh and Tembe Estella Achick and Fokunang Charles Ntungwen and Bup Nde Divine},
  title = {Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers},
  journal = {Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {72-80},
  doi = {10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.abb.20190704.13},
  abstract = {The physical properties of agricultural products are necessary for the design of equipment for post-harvest treatments and storage. The physical characteristics of two varieties (Ateehteu and Lamsie) of wild orchid tubers used for the production of an endogenously processed food eaten as a meat replacement were determined. Directly measured properties (tuber length, width, thickness, mass, true volume and bulk volume) and derived properties (sphericity, shape index, size, porosity, true and bulk density) were evaluated at 86.11% and 79.01% (wb) moisture contents of Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively. The mean ranges respectively recorded for Ateehteu and Lamsie were: mass (1.70 – 5.79) g; (1.24 – 7.65) g, length (18.94 – 32.01) mm; (9.84 – 27.54) mm, width (11.91 – 19.34) mm; (6.91 – 18.79) mm; thickness (5.07 – 24.50) mm; (1.09 – 22.77) mm, true volume (1.37 – 5.68) ml; (1.52 – 7.28), and bulk volume (29.67 – 30.58) ml; (31.50 – 32.84) ml. For the derived properties, Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively gave, sphericity (60.49 – 81.00)%; (62.72– 87.81)%, shape index (1.18 – 2.34)%; (1.08 – 2.19)%, true density (0.58 – 1.82) g/ml; (0.84 – 1.15) g/ml, bulk density (0.53 – 0.61) g/ml; (0.50 – 0.54) g/ml, porosity (0.76 – 1.00), (0.87 – 1.07); and bulk porosity (0.47 – 0.51); (0.45 – 0.47). The repose angle was (26.06 – 32.92)° and (28.28 – 32.86)° while the coefficient of static friction on four surfaces viz aluminium sheet, rubber, leather and plywood were (0.27 – 0.44); (0.13 – 0.63), (0.32 – 0.49); (0.88 – 0.95), (0.16 – 0.64); (0.31 – 0.55); (0.33 – 0.62); (0.48 – 2.75). There were significant variations in physical dimensions of Lamsie; larger mass and true volume, sphericity and repose angle compared to Ateehteu. There was significant variation in the coefficient of static friction on aluminium sheet, rubber, leather and plywood respectively for Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively with no variation in the coefficient of dynamic friction on the same surfaces for Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively. The negative values obtained for some derived shape parameters (flattening and ellipticity) which consequently affected the surface area is an indication that the shape assumption of the tubers as oblate or prolate requires verification. There is therefore need to correlated the directly measured properties to obtain an empirical formula to calculate each corresponding parameter and analyse to obtain the best fit. It is therefore promising to design a process plan to harvest, transports, handle, sort and separate, grade, convey stock and process the tubers into Nyam ngub.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers
AU  - Dobgima J. Fonmboh
AU  - Tembe Estella Achick
AU  - Fokunang Charles Ntungwen
AU  - Bup Nde Divine
Y1  - 2019/11/19
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13
T2  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
JF  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
JO  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
SP  - 72
EP  - 80
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4162
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13
AB  - The physical properties of agricultural products are necessary for the design of equipment for post-harvest treatments and storage. The physical characteristics of two varieties (Ateehteu and Lamsie) of wild orchid tubers used for the production of an endogenously processed food eaten as a meat replacement were determined. Directly measured properties (tuber length, width, thickness, mass, true volume and bulk volume) and derived properties (sphericity, shape index, size, porosity, true and bulk density) were evaluated at 86.11% and 79.01% (wb) moisture contents of Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively. The mean ranges respectively recorded for Ateehteu and Lamsie were: mass (1.70 – 5.79) g; (1.24 – 7.65) g, length (18.94 – 32.01) mm; (9.84 – 27.54) mm, width (11.91 – 19.34) mm; (6.91 – 18.79) mm; thickness (5.07 – 24.50) mm; (1.09 – 22.77) mm, true volume (1.37 – 5.68) ml; (1.52 – 7.28), and bulk volume (29.67 – 30.58) ml; (31.50 – 32.84) ml. For the derived properties, Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively gave, sphericity (60.49 – 81.00)%; (62.72– 87.81)%, shape index (1.18 – 2.34)%; (1.08 – 2.19)%, true density (0.58 – 1.82) g/ml; (0.84 – 1.15) g/ml, bulk density (0.53 – 0.61) g/ml; (0.50 – 0.54) g/ml, porosity (0.76 – 1.00), (0.87 – 1.07); and bulk porosity (0.47 – 0.51); (0.45 – 0.47). The repose angle was (26.06 – 32.92)° and (28.28 – 32.86)° while the coefficient of static friction on four surfaces viz aluminium sheet, rubber, leather and plywood were (0.27 – 0.44); (0.13 – 0.63), (0.32 – 0.49); (0.88 – 0.95), (0.16 – 0.64); (0.31 – 0.55); (0.33 – 0.62); (0.48 – 2.75). There were significant variations in physical dimensions of Lamsie; larger mass and true volume, sphericity and repose angle compared to Ateehteu. There was significant variation in the coefficient of static friction on aluminium sheet, rubber, leather and plywood respectively for Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively with no variation in the coefficient of dynamic friction on the same surfaces for Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively. The negative values obtained for some derived shape parameters (flattening and ellipticity) which consequently affected the surface area is an indication that the shape assumption of the tubers as oblate or prolate requires verification. There is therefore need to correlated the directly measured properties to obtain an empirical formula to calculate each corresponding parameter and analyse to obtain the best fit. It is therefore promising to design a process plan to harvest, transports, handle, sort and separate, grade, convey stock and process the tubers into Nyam ngub.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Dobgima J. Fonmboh

Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Bio-resource Technology, The College of Technology, The University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
Tembe Estella Achick

Department of Pharmaco Toxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Fokunang Charles Ntungwen

Department of Pharmaco Toxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Bup Nde Divine

Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Bio-resource Technology, The College of Technology, The University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon

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Dobgima J. Fonmboh, Tembe Estella Achick, Fokunang Charles Ntungwen, Bup Nde Divine. (2019). Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers. Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, 7(4), 72-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13

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ACS Style

Dobgima J. Fonmboh; Tembe Estella Achick; Fokunang Charles Ntungwen; Bup Nde Divine. Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers. Adv. BioSci. Bioeng. 2019, 7(4), 72-80. doi: 10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13

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Dobgima J. Fonmboh, Tembe Estella Achick, Fokunang Charles Ntungwen, Bup Nde Divine. Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers. Adv BioSci Bioeng. 2019;7(4):72-80. doi: 10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13

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@article{10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13,
  author = {Dobgima J. Fonmboh and Tembe Estella Achick and Fokunang Charles Ntungwen and Bup Nde Divine},
  title = {Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers},
  journal = {Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {72-80},
  doi = {10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.abb.20190704.13},
  abstract = {The physical properties of agricultural products are necessary for the design of equipment for post-harvest treatments and storage. The physical characteristics of two varieties (Ateehteu and Lamsie) of wild orchid tubers used for the production of an endogenously processed food eaten as a meat replacement were determined. Directly measured properties (tuber length, width, thickness, mass, true volume and bulk volume) and derived properties (sphericity, shape index, size, porosity, true and bulk density) were evaluated at 86.11% and 79.01% (wb) moisture contents of Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively. The mean ranges respectively recorded for Ateehteu and Lamsie were: mass (1.70 – 5.79) g; (1.24 – 7.65) g, length (18.94 – 32.01) mm; (9.84 – 27.54) mm, width (11.91 – 19.34) mm; (6.91 – 18.79) mm; thickness (5.07 – 24.50) mm; (1.09 – 22.77) mm, true volume (1.37 – 5.68) ml; (1.52 – 7.28), and bulk volume (29.67 – 30.58) ml; (31.50 – 32.84) ml. For the derived properties, Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively gave, sphericity (60.49 – 81.00)%; (62.72– 87.81)%, shape index (1.18 – 2.34)%; (1.08 – 2.19)%, true density (0.58 – 1.82) g/ml; (0.84 – 1.15) g/ml, bulk density (0.53 – 0.61) g/ml; (0.50 – 0.54) g/ml, porosity (0.76 – 1.00), (0.87 – 1.07); and bulk porosity (0.47 – 0.51); (0.45 – 0.47). The repose angle was (26.06 – 32.92)° and (28.28 – 32.86)° while the coefficient of static friction on four surfaces viz aluminium sheet, rubber, leather and plywood were (0.27 – 0.44); (0.13 – 0.63), (0.32 – 0.49); (0.88 – 0.95), (0.16 – 0.64); (0.31 – 0.55); (0.33 – 0.62); (0.48 – 2.75). There were significant variations in physical dimensions of Lamsie; larger mass and true volume, sphericity and repose angle compared to Ateehteu. There was significant variation in the coefficient of static friction on aluminium sheet, rubber, leather and plywood respectively for Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively with no variation in the coefficient of dynamic friction on the same surfaces for Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively. The negative values obtained for some derived shape parameters (flattening and ellipticity) which consequently affected the surface area is an indication that the shape assumption of the tubers as oblate or prolate requires verification. There is therefore need to correlated the directly measured properties to obtain an empirical formula to calculate each corresponding parameter and analyse to obtain the best fit. It is therefore promising to design a process plan to harvest, transports, handle, sort and separate, grade, convey stock and process the tubers into Nyam ngub.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physical Characterization of Two Wild Varieties of Edible Orchid Tubers
AU  - Dobgima J. Fonmboh
AU  - Tembe Estella Achick
AU  - Fokunang Charles Ntungwen
AU  - Bup Nde Divine
Y1  - 2019/11/19
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13
T2  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
JF  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
JO  - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering
SP  - 72
EP  - 80
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4162
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20190704.13
AB  - The physical properties of agricultural products are necessary for the design of equipment for post-harvest treatments and storage. The physical characteristics of two varieties (Ateehteu and Lamsie) of wild orchid tubers used for the production of an endogenously processed food eaten as a meat replacement were determined. Directly measured properties (tuber length, width, thickness, mass, true volume and bulk volume) and derived properties (sphericity, shape index, size, porosity, true and bulk density) were evaluated at 86.11% and 79.01% (wb) moisture contents of Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively. The mean ranges respectively recorded for Ateehteu and Lamsie were: mass (1.70 – 5.79) g; (1.24 – 7.65) g, length (18.94 – 32.01) mm; (9.84 – 27.54) mm, width (11.91 – 19.34) mm; (6.91 – 18.79) mm; thickness (5.07 – 24.50) mm; (1.09 – 22.77) mm, true volume (1.37 – 5.68) ml; (1.52 – 7.28), and bulk volume (29.67 – 30.58) ml; (31.50 – 32.84) ml. For the derived properties, Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively gave, sphericity (60.49 – 81.00)%; (62.72– 87.81)%, shape index (1.18 – 2.34)%; (1.08 – 2.19)%, true density (0.58 – 1.82) g/ml; (0.84 – 1.15) g/ml, bulk density (0.53 – 0.61) g/ml; (0.50 – 0.54) g/ml, porosity (0.76 – 1.00), (0.87 – 1.07); and bulk porosity (0.47 – 0.51); (0.45 – 0.47). The repose angle was (26.06 – 32.92)° and (28.28 – 32.86)° while the coefficient of static friction on four surfaces viz aluminium sheet, rubber, leather and plywood were (0.27 – 0.44); (0.13 – 0.63), (0.32 – 0.49); (0.88 – 0.95), (0.16 – 0.64); (0.31 – 0.55); (0.33 – 0.62); (0.48 – 2.75). There were significant variations in physical dimensions of Lamsie; larger mass and true volume, sphericity and repose angle compared to Ateehteu. There was significant variation in the coefficient of static friction on aluminium sheet, rubber, leather and plywood respectively for Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively with no variation in the coefficient of dynamic friction on the same surfaces for Ateehteu and Lamsie respectively. The negative values obtained for some derived shape parameters (flattening and ellipticity) which consequently affected the surface area is an indication that the shape assumption of the tubers as oblate or prolate requires verification. There is therefore need to correlated the directly measured properties to obtain an empirical formula to calculate each corresponding parameter and analyse to obtain the best fit. It is therefore promising to design a process plan to harvest, transports, handle, sort and separate, grade, convey stock and process the tubers into Nyam ngub.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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