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Isolation, Identification and Molecular Characterization of Eimeria spp Infecting Chicken in Khartoum State, Sudan Using ITS1 Gene

Received: Oct. 16, 2019    Accepted: Nov. 23, 2019    Published: Mar. 17, 2020
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Abstract

Coccidiosis in broiler chickens highly affects the economy for both producers and consumers. The later get a low quality meat due to anaemia induced by the parasite. The disease is characterized by lesions caused by seven host specific members of the family Eimeriidae of the phylum Apicomplexa. Collected positive samples of Eimeria species from broiler chickens were identified by measuring the dimensions of the sporulated oocyst. Seven species of Eimeria were detected using this method. When DNA was extracted and species specific primers were used to amplify ITS1 gene using single specific primer PCR and multiplex PCR, only six species were identified. The accuracy of identification of broiler chicken Eimeria species using PCR is more reliable than the conventional methods like öocyst measurements or histopathology of the affected intestinal regions. This is indicated by the finding that E. brunetti which was identified morphologically by öocyst measurement, could not be identified molecularly. The mitochondrial genome sequences (ITS1) are highly suited for molecular diagnostics of coccidia and may be a potential genetic marker for molecular epidemiology of broiler chicken coccidiosis in the future in Sudan. The aim of this study is to determine and identify the species causing poultry coccidiosis in broiler chicken by traditional methods and molecular characterization using ITS.

DOI 10.11648/j.bmb.20200501.11
Published in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ( Volume 5, Issue 1, March 2020 )
Page(s) 1-5
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Apicomplexa, Broiler Chicken, Eimeria, ITS1, Poultry Coccidiosis

References
[1] Akhtar, M., Hafeez, M. & Haq, A. (2005). Immunity against Coccidiosis in Poultry. A Review. International Journal of Poultry Science, 4, 812-817.
[2] Soulsby E. (1982). Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoan’s of domesticated animals. 7th Edn, Bailliere Tindall, London, UK.
[3] Speer, C. A.; Hammond, D. M.; Mahrt, J. L.; Robert, W. L. (1973). Structure of the oocyst and sporocyst wall of and exystation of sporocyst of Isospora canis. J. Parasittol., 59, 35-40.
[4] Ryley, J., Meade, R., Hazelhurst, J. & Robinson, T. E. (1976). Methods in coccidiosis research: separation of oocysts from faeces. Parasitology, 73, 311-326.
[5] Shirley, M., Bushell, A., Bushell, J., Mcdonald, V. and Roberts, B. (1995). A live attenuated vaccine for the control of avian coccidiosis: trials in broiler breeders and replacement layer flocks in the United Kingdom. The Veterinary Record, 137, 453-457.
[6] Levine, N. D. 1961. Protozoan Parasites of Domestic Animals and of Man. Protozoan Parasites of Domestic Animals and of Man.
[7] Conway, D. & Mckenzie, M. (2007). Poultry Coccidiosis Diagnostic and Testing Procedures. 3rd Edn, 2121 state Avneu. Ames, lowa, USA.
[8] Guven, E., Beckstead, R. B., Kar, S., Vatanser, Z., Karaer, Z. (2013), Molecular Identification of Eimeria Species of Broiler Chicken In Turkey, Ankara, Univ. Vet. Fak Derg.; 245-250.
[9] Gadelhag, S. M., Arafa, W. M. & Aboelhadid, S. M. (2015). Molecular characterization of Eimeria species naturally infecting Egyptian baldi chickens. Iranian journal of parasitology, 10, 87.
[10] Zhao, X., Duszynski, D. W. and Loker, E. S. (2001). A simple method of DNA extraction for Eimeria species. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 44, 13137.
[11] Murray, M. G. & Thompson, W. F. (1980). Rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA. Nucleic acids research, 8, 4321-4326.
[12] Schnitzle, B. E., Thebo, P. L., Mattsson, J. G., (1998). Development of a diagnostic PCR assay for the detection and discrimination of four pathogenic Eimeria species of the chicken. Avian Pathology, 27, 490-497.
[13] Williams, R. 1995. Epidemiological studies of coccidiosis in the domesticated fowl (Gallus gallus): II. Physical condition and survival of Eimeria acervulina oocysts in poultry-house litter. Applied parasitology, 36, 90-96.
[14] Salim, O. A. (2001). Parasites of Chicken in Kassala Town. M. Sc. Thesis, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
[15] Amer, M., Awaad, M., El-Khateeb, R. M., Abu-Elezz, N., Sherein-Said, A., Ghetas, M. & Kutkat, M. (2010). Isolation and identification of Eimeria from field coccidiosis in chickens. Journal of American Science, 6, 1107-1114.
[16] Morris, G. M., Woods, W. G., Richards, D. G. & Gasser, R. B. (2007). The application of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based capillary electrophoretic technique provides detailed insights into Eimeria populations in intensive poultry establishments. Molecular and cellular probes, 21, 288-294.
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    Mona Abdelrahman Mohamed Khaier, Hanan Ahmed Daffala, Abuelgasim Ibrahim Abdelhalim, Sumaia Mohamed Ahmed Abukashawa. (2020). Isolation, Identification and Molecular Characterization of Eimeria spp Infecting Chicken in Khartoum State, Sudan Using ITS1 Gene. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 5(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20200501.11

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    Mona Abdelrahman Mohamed Khaier; Hanan Ahmed Daffala; Abuelgasim Ibrahim Abdelhalim; Sumaia Mohamed Ahmed Abukashawa. Isolation, Identification and Molecular Characterization of Eimeria spp Infecting Chicken in Khartoum State, Sudan Using ITS1 Gene. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2020, 5(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20200501.11

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    AMA Style

    Mona Abdelrahman Mohamed Khaier, Hanan Ahmed Daffala, Abuelgasim Ibrahim Abdelhalim, Sumaia Mohamed Ahmed Abukashawa. Isolation, Identification and Molecular Characterization of Eimeria spp Infecting Chicken in Khartoum State, Sudan Using ITS1 Gene. Biochem Mol Biol. 2020;5(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20200501.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.bmb.20200501.11,
      author = {Mona Abdelrahman Mohamed Khaier and Hanan Ahmed Daffala and Abuelgasim Ibrahim Abdelhalim and Sumaia Mohamed Ahmed Abukashawa},
      title = {Isolation, Identification and Molecular Characterization of Eimeria spp Infecting Chicken in Khartoum State, Sudan Using ITS1 Gene},
      journal = {Biochemistry and Molecular Biology},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-5},
      doi = {10.11648/j.bmb.20200501.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20200501.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bmb.20200501.11},
      abstract = {Coccidiosis in broiler chickens highly affects the economy for both producers and consumers. The later get a low quality meat due to anaemia induced by the parasite. The disease is characterized by lesions caused by seven host specific members of the family Eimeriidae of the phylum Apicomplexa. Collected positive samples of Eimeria species from broiler chickens were identified by measuring the dimensions of the sporulated oocyst. Seven species of Eimeria were detected using this method. When DNA was extracted and species specific primers were used to amplify ITS1 gene using single specific primer PCR and multiplex PCR, only six species were identified. The accuracy of identification of broiler chicken Eimeria species using PCR is more reliable than the conventional methods like öocyst measurements or histopathology of the affected intestinal regions. This is indicated by the finding that E. brunetti which was identified morphologically by öocyst measurement, could not be identified molecularly. The mitochondrial genome sequences (ITS1) are highly suited for molecular diagnostics of coccidia and may be a potential genetic marker for molecular epidemiology of broiler chicken coccidiosis in the future in Sudan. The aim of this study is to determine and identify the species causing poultry coccidiosis in broiler chicken by traditional methods and molecular characterization using ITS.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    T1  - Isolation, Identification and Molecular Characterization of Eimeria spp Infecting Chicken in Khartoum State, Sudan Using ITS1 Gene
    AU  - Mona Abdelrahman Mohamed Khaier
    AU  - Hanan Ahmed Daffala
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    AU  - Sumaia Mohamed Ahmed Abukashawa
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.bmb.20200501.11
    T2  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    JF  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    JO  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-5048
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20200501.11
    AB  - Coccidiosis in broiler chickens highly affects the economy for both producers and consumers. The later get a low quality meat due to anaemia induced by the parasite. The disease is characterized by lesions caused by seven host specific members of the family Eimeriidae of the phylum Apicomplexa. Collected positive samples of Eimeria species from broiler chickens were identified by measuring the dimensions of the sporulated oocyst. Seven species of Eimeria were detected using this method. When DNA was extracted and species specific primers were used to amplify ITS1 gene using single specific primer PCR and multiplex PCR, only six species were identified. The accuracy of identification of broiler chicken Eimeria species using PCR is more reliable than the conventional methods like öocyst measurements or histopathology of the affected intestinal regions. This is indicated by the finding that E. brunetti which was identified morphologically by öocyst measurement, could not be identified molecularly. The mitochondrial genome sequences (ITS1) are highly suited for molecular diagnostics of coccidia and may be a potential genetic marker for molecular epidemiology of broiler chicken coccidiosis in the future in Sudan. The aim of this study is to determine and identify the species causing poultry coccidiosis in broiler chicken by traditional methods and molecular characterization using ITS.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bahri, Khartoum, Sudan

  • Animal Resources Research Corporation, Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Wad Medani Veterinary Research Laboratory, Wad Medani, Sudan

  • Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan

  • Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan

  • Section