A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments

Ante Grgat; Ivan Djurek; Mia Suhanek

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17

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A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments

Ante Grgat, Ivan Djurek, Mia Suhanek

Published in American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 4)

Received: 13 November 2019 Accepted: 2 December 2019 Published: 17 December 2019

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Abstract

Nowadays, each individual is exposed to noise on a daily basis. Long exposure to noise pollution can be manifested through several health concerns such as bad mood, fatigue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration, which can then cause reduced work ability and finally permanent hearing impairment. When considering urban areas, the most common type of noise source is traffic. Public announcement system are a vital and much needed part of every urban area and thus it should be constructed in a way that it delivers relevant information in a clear and understandable way while not disturbing the residents. Therefore, this paper proposes a model of public announcement system in urban places which aims to reduce unexpected and sudden loudness changes. The system is envisaged for public places, such as open bus stations surrounded with residential and commercial buildings. Several studies have shown that the residents of these buildings find sudden announcements very annoying and disturbing. The goal of this research is to reduce the sound level while retaining the principal loudness level. The study has shown that with the appropriate signal processing which includes a compressor and a limiter, these types of announcements can be made less annoying and disturbing for urban residents.

Published in	American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 4) This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Cities – Innovative Approaches
DOI	10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17
Page(s)	112-116
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Public Announcement System, Loudness Changes, Signal Processing, Smart Cities

References

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[2]	F. Fahy, Foundations of Engineering Acoustics, Elsevier, 2001.
[3]	M. Jing, L. Chunjiang, M. Kwan and Y. Chai, A Multilevel Analysis of Perceived Noise Pollution, Geographic Contexts and Mental Health in Beijing, Int J Environ Res Public Health, 15 (7), 2018, pp. 1479.
[4]	S. Agarwal and B. L. Swami, Comprehensive approach for the development of traffic noise prediction model for Jaipur city, Environmental Monitoring Assessment, pp. 113–120, 2011.
[5]	J. Andersson, A. Oudin, A. Sundström, B. Forsberg, R. Adolfsson and M. Nordin, Road traflc noise, air pollution, and risk of dementia – results from the Betula project, Environmental Research, pp. 334–339, 2018.
[6]	M. Arana, R. S. Martin and J. C. Salinas, People exposed to traffic noise in European agglomerations from noise maps, A critical review, Noise Mapping, pp. 40–49, 2014.
[7]	https://www.google.com/maps.
[8]	M. Suhanek, I. Djurek, S. Grubeša and A. Petošić, Urban Acoustic Environments – An Acoustic Model for Total Distraction Coefficient, Acta Acustica United with Acustica, Volume 105, Number 2, pp. 334-342 (9), 2019.
[9]	G. M. Ballou, Handbook for Sound Engineers, 3rd Edition, Focal Press, 2005.
[10]	G. Davis and R. Jones, Sound Reinforcement Handbook, Second Edition, Hal-Leonard Corporation, Milwaukee, WI, 1989.
[11]	Bob Mc Carthy, Sound Systems: Design and Optimization, Focal Press, New York and London, 2010.
[12]	I. Djurek, E. Maganić and M. Suhanek, Music Dynamic Range of FM Radio Stations in Zagreb, Proceedings of the 8th Congress of the Alps Adria Acoustics Association, Zagreb, Croatia, pp. 275-279, 2018.
[13]	N. B. H. Croghan, K. H. Arehart and J. M. Kates, Quality and Loudness Judgments for Music Subjected to Compression Limiting, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 132, no. 2, pp. 1177-1188, 2012.
[14]	ITU-R, “Recommendation ITU-R BS. 1770-3 Algorithms to measure audio programme loudness and true-peak audio level”, March 2011.
[15]	A. Grgat, Dynamic Audio Signal Processing, MscEE Thesis, February 2019.

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APA Style

Ante Grgat, Ivan Djurek, Mia Suhanek. (2019). A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments. American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 3(4), 112-116. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17

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ACS Style

Ante Grgat; Ivan Djurek; Mia Suhanek. A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments. Am. J. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2019, 3(4), 112-116. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17

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AMA Style

Ante Grgat, Ivan Djurek, Mia Suhanek. A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments. Am J Environ Sci Eng. 2019;3(4):112-116. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17

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@article{10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17,
  author = {Ante Grgat and Ivan Djurek and Mia Suhanek},
  title = {A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {112-116},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajese.20190304.17},
  abstract = {Nowadays, each individual is exposed to noise on a daily basis. Long exposure to noise pollution can be manifested through several health concerns such as bad mood, fatigue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration, which can then cause reduced work ability and finally permanent hearing impairment. When considering urban areas, the most common type of noise source is traffic. Public announcement system are a vital and much needed part of every urban area and thus it should be constructed in a way that it delivers relevant information in a clear and understandable way while not disturbing the residents. Therefore, this paper proposes a model of public announcement system in urban places which aims to reduce unexpected and sudden loudness changes. The system is envisaged for public places, such as open bus stations surrounded with residential and commercial buildings. Several studies have shown that the residents of these buildings find sudden announcements very annoying and disturbing. The goal of this research is to reduce the sound level while retaining the principal loudness level. The study has shown that with the appropriate signal processing which includes a compressor and a limiter, these types of announcements can be made less annoying and disturbing for urban residents.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments
AU  - Ante Grgat
AU  - Ivan Djurek
AU  - Mia Suhanek
Y1  - 2019/12/17
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
SP  - 112
EP  - 116
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17
AB  - Nowadays, each individual is exposed to noise on a daily basis. Long exposure to noise pollution can be manifested through several health concerns such as bad mood, fatigue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration, which can then cause reduced work ability and finally permanent hearing impairment. When considering urban areas, the most common type of noise source is traffic. Public announcement system are a vital and much needed part of every urban area and thus it should be constructed in a way that it delivers relevant information in a clear and understandable way while not disturbing the residents. Therefore, this paper proposes a model of public announcement system in urban places which aims to reduce unexpected and sudden loudness changes. The system is envisaged for public places, such as open bus stations surrounded with residential and commercial buildings. Several studies have shown that the residents of these buildings find sudden announcements very annoying and disturbing. The goal of this research is to reduce the sound level while retaining the principal loudness level. The study has shown that with the appropriate signal processing which includes a compressor and a limiter, these types of announcements can be made less annoying and disturbing for urban residents.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Ante Grgat

Ericsson Nikola Tesla, Zagreb, Croatia; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Ivan Djurek

Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Mia Suhanek

Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Ante Grgat, Ivan Djurek, Mia Suhanek. (2019). A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments. American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 3(4), 112-116. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17

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ACS Style

Ante Grgat; Ivan Djurek; Mia Suhanek. A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments. Am. J. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2019, 3(4), 112-116. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17

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AMA Style

Ante Grgat, Ivan Djurek, Mia Suhanek. A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments. Am J Environ Sci Eng. 2019;3(4):112-116. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17,
  author = {Ante Grgat and Ivan Djurek and Mia Suhanek},
  title = {A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {112-116},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajese.20190304.17},
  abstract = {Nowadays, each individual is exposed to noise on a daily basis. Long exposure to noise pollution can be manifested through several health concerns such as bad mood, fatigue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration, which can then cause reduced work ability and finally permanent hearing impairment. When considering urban areas, the most common type of noise source is traffic. Public announcement system are a vital and much needed part of every urban area and thus it should be constructed in a way that it delivers relevant information in a clear and understandable way while not disturbing the residents. Therefore, this paper proposes a model of public announcement system in urban places which aims to reduce unexpected and sudden loudness changes. The system is envisaged for public places, such as open bus stations surrounded with residential and commercial buildings. Several studies have shown that the residents of these buildings find sudden announcements very annoying and disturbing. The goal of this research is to reduce the sound level while retaining the principal loudness level. The study has shown that with the appropriate signal processing which includes a compressor and a limiter, these types of announcements can be made less annoying and disturbing for urban residents.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Model of Public Announcement System’s Dynamics Control in Smart City Environments
AU  - Ante Grgat
AU  - Ivan Djurek
AU  - Mia Suhanek
Y1  - 2019/12/17
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
SP  - 112
EP  - 116
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190304.17
AB  - Nowadays, each individual is exposed to noise on a daily basis. Long exposure to noise pollution can be manifested through several health concerns such as bad mood, fatigue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration, which can then cause reduced work ability and finally permanent hearing impairment. When considering urban areas, the most common type of noise source is traffic. Public announcement system are a vital and much needed part of every urban area and thus it should be constructed in a way that it delivers relevant information in a clear and understandable way while not disturbing the residents. Therefore, this paper proposes a model of public announcement system in urban places which aims to reduce unexpected and sudden loudness changes. The system is envisaged for public places, such as open bus stations surrounded with residential and commercial buildings. Several studies have shown that the residents of these buildings find sudden announcements very annoying and disturbing. The goal of this research is to reduce the sound level while retaining the principal loudness level. The study has shown that with the appropriate signal processing which includes a compressor and a limiter, these types of announcements can be made less annoying and disturbing for urban residents.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download