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Research Article
Meta-analysis on Performance for Reproductive Traits of Jersey Cross, 50% HF and 75% HF Cross Dairy Cattle in Ethiopia
Danayit Alem*
,
Nibo Beneberu
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
51-56
Received:
31 March 2025
Accepted:
21 June 2025
Published:
8 July 2025
Abstract: This review aimed to evaluate the reproductive performance of Jersey cross, 50% HF cross, and 75% HF cross dairy cattle in Ethiopia. Data from 287 crossbred cattle records were analyzed to assess traits including age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), days open (DO), and number of services per conception (NSPC). Statistical analysis was conducted using SAS 9.0 and SPSS 22.0. Overall means (± SD) were 30.68 ± 4.76 months for AFS, 40.99 ± 4.95 months for AFC, 456.93 ± 49.16 days for CI, 147.40 ± 43.74 days for DO, and 1.69 ± 0.28 for NSPC. Genetic group did not significantly (p > 0.05) influence reproductive traits. However, 75% HF crosses exhibited superior AFS and NSPC, while 50% HF crosses had shorter CI, and Jersey crosses showed better AFC and DO. Phenotypic correlations among reproductive traits were predominantly low and positive (e.g., 0.244 between CI and NSPC), except for a weak negative correlation (-0.072) between AFS and AFC. The findings suggest that 75% HF crossbred cow’s demonstrated favorable reproductive outcomes in select traits. To optimize reproductive performance, improvements in heat detection, timely insemination, health management, and genetic strategies for crossbreeding are recommended.
Abstract: This review aimed to evaluate the reproductive performance of Jersey cross, 50% HF cross, and 75% HF cross dairy cattle in Ethiopia. Data from 287 crossbred cattle records were analyzed to assess traits including age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), days open (DO), and number of services per conception (NSP...
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Research Article
Pedigree Analysis of Genetic Mutation in Human Families of District Karak Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
Asfandyar Alam*,
Muhammad Aaqib,
Hizb Ullah,
Muhammad Salim,
Kalim Ullah,
Muhammad Junaid Khan,
Tayyaba Bano,
Zeeshan Khan
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
57-62
Received:
5 July 2025
Accepted:
18 July 2025
Published:
31 July 2025
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus and albinism are two distinct genetic conditions that have been observed in human populations, including families in the District of Karak. This study aims to explore the prevalence and genetic mutations associated with these conditions within this specific demographic. Diabetes mellitus, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, has a multifactorial etiology with both genetic and environmental components. Albinism, on the other hand, results from mutations in genes responsible for melanin production, leading to hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes. Diabetes Mellitus is more common in adult as compared to children. During diabetes Mellitus the patient show lot of symptoms such as weight loss, polyuria, polydipsia sometime with blurred vision and polyphagia etc. are reported in patient of diabetes mellitus second disorder which we studied is Albinism which is a heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorder which is mainly characterized by abnormalities low amount of melanin in the skin, hair, eyes etc. It means that if the melanin are not produced in sufficient amount it will cause albinism this diseases is very rare but it is mainly caused by different gene mutation. The people with oculocutaneous albinism have pale skin, sandy colour hair, light brown eyes, nystgmus and poor visual activies. Genetic studies of albinism reported that seven non-syndromic OCA genes among which mutation in TYR and OCA genes mutation is mainly reported. This research project was aimed to study pedigree analysis of genetic mutation for autosomal dominant diabetes mellitus and X-linked autosomal recessive albinism in human families of district karak. The two family have been reported one of diabetes mellitus and one of albinism so the detail interviewed were conducted with all the affected individual their parents and normal individual of the family. Pedigree analysis and family tree was drawn to check the linkage for results.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus and albinism are two distinct genetic conditions that have been observed in human populations, including families in the District of Karak. This study aims to explore the prevalence and genetic mutations associated with these conditions within this specific demographic. Diabetes mellitus, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and...
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Research Article
The Association Between Leptin (-2548 G˃A, rs7799039)/Leptin Receptor (223 A˃G, rs1137101) Polymorphisms and Prostate Cancer
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
63-72
Received:
23 July 2025
Accepted:
4 August 2025
Published:
21 August 2025
Abstract: Background: The pathophysiology of Prostate Cancer (PCa) involves a complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. PCa diagnosis faces challenges of false-positive outcomes, emphasizing the necessity for revising the available screening methods for PCa. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been linked with PCa and constitute a key risk factor in prostate carcinogenesis. Objective: This research aimed at examining the association between susceptibility to PCa and polymorphisms of the Leptin (LEP) gene -2548 G˃A (rs7799039) and LEP receptor (LEPR) gene 223 A˃G (rs1137101). Methods: A total of 66 patients and 34 controls of a Jordanian population were recruited. DNA was isolated from blood leucocytes. Polymorphism analyses were performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) approaches. Results: The mutant allele (A) and genotype (AA) frequencies of the LEP SNP (-2548 G˃A, rs7799039) were significantly higher in the PCa patients (59.1% and 37.9%, respectively) compared to those in the control group (45.6% and 20.6%, respectively) (P = 0.039; OR = 1.88, 95%CI = 1.02 - 2.89 and P = 0.043; OR = 2.86, 95%CI = 1.77 - 5.92, respectively). This indicates that this SNP was associated with an overall increased risk of PCa. In contrast, the LEPR 223 A˃G was not. Further stratification of the PCa group showed that the incidence of both SNPs was correlated with high serum PSA levels and metastasis risk. The results with age and Gleason biopsy score were not conclusive because the trend observed did not reach significance. Conclusions: The findings support our hypothesis regarding the association of the polymorphism in the LEP gene in prostate carcinogenesis (the A and AA frequencies, compared with the control, were associated with a 1.3-fold and a 1.8-fold increased risk for PCa, respectively. However, there was no association between the LEPR (rs1137101) gene variant and PCa risk.
Abstract: Background: The pathophysiology of Prostate Cancer (PCa) involves a complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. PCa diagnosis faces challenges of false-positive outcomes, emphasizing the necessity for revising the available screening methods for PCa. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been linked with PCa and constitute a key r...
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