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Evaluation of Organic Liquid Fertilizer “ECO-GREEN” on the Yield and Yield Component of Malt Barley
Daniel Abegeja,
Tilahun Chibsa,
Mulugeta Eshetu
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
76-80
Received:
19 May 2022
Accepted:
24 June 2022
Published:
8 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajac.20221004.11
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Abstract: The organic fertilizers help to sophisticate the soil structure by nourishing it, enhancing its productivity and at the same time protecting it from being eroded away. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are the major limiting factors in most soils. The highland vertisols of Ethiopia are prone to nutrient deficiency especially of N and P as the result of monocropping and leaching losses. An experiment was conducted at Sinana District of Bale highlands, South-eastern Ethiopia on farmers field to evaluate the effect of Organic Liquid Fertilizer “ECO-GREEN” on the Yield and Yield Component of Malt Barley (Singitan Variety). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design using three replications on six levels of treatment. There was significant variation observed in Grain Yield, plant height, seed spike length, seed per spikelet, number of Tiller and Biomass Yield between the level of treatments. Grain yield and yield components were higher at ECO-GREEN level 4 (80 lit/ha-1) across all experimental sites (Shalo, Robe Area and Sambitu). The lower grain yield and yield components observed on the control (sole water) and followed by ECO-GREEN level 1 (20 lit/ha-1) and 2 (40 lit/ha-1). Grain yield was positively correlated with all yield components. Grain yield is very strongly associated with the number of seed per spike. Grain yield is positively correlated and highly associated with seed spike length and Biomass Yield and associated with Plant Height and Number of Tiller.
Abstract: The organic fertilizers help to sophisticate the soil structure by nourishing it, enhancing its productivity and at the same time protecting it from being eroded away. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are the major limiting factors in most soils. The highland vertisols of Ethiopia are prone to nutrient deficiency especially of N and P as the res...
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Effects of Blended and Urea Fertilizer Rates on Yield and Yield Components of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) at Banja District, North Western Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
81-88
Received:
23 May 2022
Accepted:
20 June 2022
Published:
12 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajac.20221004.12
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Abstract: A field experiment was carried out in 2018 and 2019 main cropping seasons in Banja District of Awi Administrative Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia with the objective to determine optimum blended and urea fertilizer rate for barley production. Twelve treatments combination from three levels of urea and four levels blended (NPSB) were used for the field experiment with one recommended NP and control. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement in three replications in four farmers’ fields. Soil samples were collected before planting and analyzed for selected physicochemical properties. Application of different NPSB blended and Urea fertilizers rates had significantly influenced yield and yield components of barley in all year and combined analysis. The highest plant height, spike length, seed numbers per plant and biomass yields were obtained from plots that received in applications of (250 kg NPSB and 350 kg Urea ha-1). The maximum grain yield (3668.6 kg ha-1) was obtained with application of blended 100 kg NPSB and 350 kg Urea ha-1 fertilizers rate. Conversely, the lowest grains yield (958.1 kg ha-1) was perceived in control plot. Moreover, the application of blended 100 kg NPSB and 350 kg Urea ha-1 had increased grain yield by about 283% as compared to the negative control and about 63.3% as compared to the positive control plot (100 kg NP and 150 kg Urea ha-1) at all over cropping years combined analysis. The highest net benefit of 85,500.22 ETB ha-1 with MRR of 4225.4% were obtained from combined applications of 100 kg ha-1 of NPSB blended with 350 kg ha-1 of Urea fertilizer. Therefore, based on the yield response and economic indicators, it is recommended to apply 100 kg ha-1 of NPSB blended with 350 kg ha-1 of Urea fertilizers for barley production of the study area and similar agro ecologies.
Abstract: A field experiment was carried out in 2018 and 2019 main cropping seasons in Banja District of Awi Administrative Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia with the objective to determine optimum blended and urea fertilizer rate for barley production. Twelve treatments combination from three levels of urea and four levels blended (NPSB) were used for t...
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Distribution, Ecological and Health Risks of Arsenic in Sediment from the Mixing Zone of the Comoé River and the Ebrie Lagoon, Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa
Mamadou Coulibaly,
N’guessan Louis Berenger Kouassi,
Koffi Pierre Dit Adama N’goran,
Donourou Diabate,
Albert Trokourey Trokourey
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
89-96
Received:
2 April 2022
Accepted:
1 June 2022
Published:
12 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajac.20221004.13
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Abstract: The accumulation of metalloids in the food chain can pose a great risk to human health and aquatic biota. The aim of this study was to evaluate the repartition, ecological and health risks of arsenic in surface sediments from a fluvial-lagoon environment, between the Comoé River and Ebrié Lagoon in Côte d'Ivoire. Arsenic contamination levels in sediments were evaluated using the pollution indices. The ecological risk was investigated by potential ecological risk index. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks indices were used to assess human health risks. The results showed that total concentrations of arsenic (2.92 ± 0.27 - 5.42 ± 4.6 mg/kg) were higher than the Upper Continental Crusts value (2 mg/kg). The mouth of the Comoé River was also found to be one of the most contaminated fluvial-lagoon environments. The sediments were moderately contaminated by arsenic. The non-carcinogenic risk indices values were ranged from 1.49×10-2 ± 1.36 ×10-3 to 3.48 ×10-1 ± 2.95×10-1, indicating low adverse effects both for children and adults. The total carcinogenic risk showed low potential carcinogenic effects both for children and adults. However, the values of non-carcinogenic risk and the total carcinogenic risk indices for children were found to be higher than those for adults, suggesting that children are most exposed to deleterious effects than adults. The study also demonstrated the low mobility of arsenic. Further studies including the determination of arsenic total concentrations in fish, the assessment of the ability of fish to accumulate arsenic from the sediments, and the mobility assessment using in situ diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) method will be investigated to better understand the fate of arsenic.
Abstract: The accumulation of metalloids in the food chain can pose a great risk to human health and aquatic biota. The aim of this study was to evaluate the repartition, ecological and health risks of arsenic in surface sediments from a fluvial-lagoon environment, between the Comoé River and Ebrié Lagoon in Côte d'Ivoire. Arsenic contamination levels in sed...
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Enhancing the Productivity of Salt-Affected Soil Through Application of Integrated Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers: The Case of Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia
Diriba Megersa Soboka Megersa Soboka,
Mekuria Bekele,
Bethel Nekir
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
97-103
Received:
1 June 2022
Accepted:
1 July 2022
Published:
12 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajac.20221004.14
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Abstract: Though Maize is a staple food crop in Ethiopia, its productivity in Salt affected area is not satisfactory due to the existing soil fertility degradation. The experiments were conducted during 2016 -2018 in Middle Awash Walley areas to evaluate the integrated applications of compost with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer rates and its economic feasibility on maize production. Randomized complete block design was employed with three replications involving 4 levels of nitrogen from compost (23, 46, 69, 92 kg ha-1) and 4 levels of inorganic nitrogen (23, 46, 69, 92 kg ha-1) from urea fertilizers in factorial combination. Compost was prepared following the standard procedure for compost preparation and applied in N-equivalent based. Pre-planting and after planting soil sample was collected at 0-30 cm soil depth and analyzed following the standard procedures. Biomass and grain yield were subjected to analysis of variances using SAS software program. Partial budget analysis technique was applied on the yield results. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference for all parameters (plant height, biomass and grain yield of maize) due to the main factor of treatments applied. Higher grain yields were recorded across the treatments due to the integrated application of compost and inorganic fertilizer. The combined application of 46-kg ha-1 N from Urea and 23-Kg ha-1 N from compost is economically acceptable and can be considered as alternative recommendation for the area to enable sustainable production and soil health improvement.
Abstract: Though Maize is a staple food crop in Ethiopia, its productivity in Salt affected area is not satisfactory due to the existing soil fertility degradation. The experiments were conducted during 2016 -2018 in Middle Awash Walley areas to evaluate the integrated applications of compost with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer rates and its economi...
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Potential of Sweet Potato (I. Batatas) for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals and Organochlorine Residues from Abandoned Mine Agricultural Areas of Riyom LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria
Daniel Victor Nenman,
Charles Milam,
Dass Peter Michael,
Kwarpo Retyit Silas
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
104-113
Received:
16 April 2022
Accepted:
18 May 2022
Published:
29 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajac.20221004.15
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Abstract: Agricultural activities are taking place on/or around abandoned tin mine areas on the Jos Plateau, Nigeria. Agricultural practices on mine soils intensify contamination of soils by heavy metals and pesticide residues and the challenging problem to produce food safe for human or animal consumption. This research examines the potentials of sweet potato (Ipomoea. batatas) for the phytoremediation of heavy metals and organochlorine residues on/around abandoned tin mine agricultural areas in Riyom LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria. The water, sediment, soil and plant samples were collected and air dried. Soil, sediment and plants (divided into seed, root, stem and leaves) samples were then ground in an agate mortar and pestle to pass through a 0.5 mm stainless steel sieve. Heavy metals determinations in soil, sediment and the sweet potato samples were achieved by using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry (ED-XRFS), the available fractions were analyzed by MP-AES while GC/MS was used to detect and quantify the pesticide residues. Soils of Riyom agricultural mine areas were found acidic in nature and had low cation exchange capacity, non-saline, elevated concentration of toxic metals and low nutrient contents. The mean total concentrations of Cr, Cu, Ni, Mn, Zn and Fe in soil were 636.32, 646.98, 267.47, 1626.76, 160.39 and 145988.93mg/kg respectively. The available fractions were higher than the WHO limits for irrigation water. The tuber accumulated the highest concentrations of Cr, Cu and Ni, but Mn, Zn and Fe were with the highest concentrations in the leave. The BCF of sweet potato in this work range from 0.63 in Fe to 27.18 in Cu signifying that of sweet potato is an accumulator of most of the metals and the translocation factors were from ND in Zn to 3.87 in Fe. All the 18 OCP residues detected in sweet potato were above the MRL and the FFDCA limits but hept. epoxide was not detected in the sweet potato sample. Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) for y-BHC, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, endrin aldehyde and endrin ketone exceeded the ADI for 32.7kg (children) and the ADI for 60kg (adults) categories indicating very high potential health risk through consumption. Sweet potato absorbed and translocates significant amounts of heavy metals and OCP residues in their roots, stems and leaves which show the plant could be used for the phytoremediation of heavy metals and pesticides residues.
Abstract: Agricultural activities are taking place on/or around abandoned tin mine areas on the Jos Plateau, Nigeria. Agricultural practices on mine soils intensify contamination of soils by heavy metals and pesticide residues and the challenging problem to produce food safe for human or animal consumption. This research examines the potentials of sweet pota...
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