-
Research Article
Multifactorial Analysis of Infertility and Women's Health: Evidence from Fertility Clinics in Tamil Nadu, India
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2025
Pages:
244-256
Received:
6 August 2025
Accepted:
26 August 2025
Published:
15 September 2025
Abstract: Introduction: Infertility is an increasing public health concern in India, affecting approximately 27.5 million couples. Among women, infertility is frequently accompanied by psychosocial stress, societal stigma, and marital conflict, particularly in cultural settings where motherhood is closely linked to feminine identity. Despite technological advances in reproductive medicine, there is limited research examining the combined impact of biological, psychological, and social factors on female infertility and associated health issues. Objectives: This study aims to identify physical, psychological, and relational causes of infertility among women in Tamil Nadu. It also examines the effect of these factors on women's general and mental health. Methods: A purposive sample of 1,200 infertile women aged 18-50 years was selected from fertility centers in Thanjavur and Kumbakonam. Data was collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using AMOS regression modelling. Fifteen hypotheses were tested to assess relationships among physical health conditions, psychosocial variables, and infertility-related health outcomes. Results: Major physical problems, specifically ovarian cysts (15.2%), thyroid disorders (14.9%), irregular menstruation (10%), and uterine fibroids (8.9%). Significant psychological impacts were observed from couple separation and negative spousal behavior (p < 0.001). Although uterine obstruction, ageing, obesity, and overall health were associated with mental distress, not all showed a direct link to infertility. The model demonstrated good fit indices (CFI = 0.993; RMSEA = 0.035). Conclusion: Infertility in women is a multidimensional issue influenced by physical, psychological, and social factors. Integrating mental health care and relationship counselling into fertility treatment is essential for comprehensive care.
Abstract: Introduction: Infertility is an increasing public health concern in India, affecting approximately 27.5 million couples. Among women, infertility is frequently accompanied by psychosocial stress, societal stigma, and marital conflict, particularly in cultural settings where motherhood is closely linked to feminine identity. Despite technological ad...
Show More
-
Research Article
Exploring Community Attitudes and Sociodemographic Determinants of Stigma and Support Towards Tuberculosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Nkoranza South Municipality, Ghana
Peter Kipo Leta
,
Dacosta Awuah Aboagye,
Jonathan Mawutor Gmanyami,
Richmond Bediako Nsiah*,
Rachael Georgina Antwi Boasiako,
Khadijatu Adiss Yusif,
Oscar Lambert,
Mercy Negble,
Obed Atsu-Ofori,
Foster Bediako Gbafu,
Mavis Vikpedomo Baalasuuri,
John Humphrey Amuasi,
Paulina Clara Appiah,
Dominic Nyarko,
Frank Prempeh,
Margaret Morrison,
Theodora Konadu Owusu Amponsah,
Amponsah Kinsley Osei,
Victor Jamoni
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2025
Pages:
257-268
Received:
16 August 2025
Accepted:
28 August 2025
Published:
19 September 2025
Abstract: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health issue in Ghana, and stigma and compromised community support are intrinsic barriers to successful treatment, diagnosis, and control. Knowledge of community attitudes and sociodemographic factors that influence stigma is crucial for developing targeted interventions in Nkoranza South Municipality. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 245 randomly selected TB patients aged 18 and older who were currently receiving or had completed treatment between 2016 and 2020 in the Nkoranza South Municipality. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, administered through the home and healthcare facility by trained enumerators. Using SPSS version 26, Fisher’s Exact Test was used to examine association, and logistic regression was used to assess the impact of socio-demographic factors on stigma and support. Frequencies were used to explore suggestions for reducing stigma and improving TB care, with a statistical significance set at p<0.05. Results: The study revealed that 71.4% of TB patients interviewed reported avoidance by the community. About 17% felt rejected, and only 12% felt accepted by the members of their communities. About 64% reported a lack of support, and 68.2% reported experiencing stigma. TB patients aged 20-39 years had higher odds of experiencing a lack of support (aOR = 3.15, 95% CI: 1.35-7.39, p = 0.008). Respondents practicing other religions, unlike Christianity, had lower odds of stigmatization (aOR = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01-0.53, p = 0.010) and lack of support (aOR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.02-0.68, p = 0.019) compared to those practising traditional religion. Ethnic groups such as the Dagaari had lower odds of experiencing stigmatizations (aOR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.02-0.44, p = 0.002) and lack of support (aOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.74, p = 0.016). Educational level was not significantly associated with stigma or support. TB patients suggested community education, TB awareness creation, and improved staff professionalism as crucial steps to reduce stigma and enhance TB care. Conclusion: TB stigma and support gaps are prevalent in Nkoranza South Municipality, with predominant influences of age, occupation, religion, and ethnicity. The challenges need culturally adapted public health education, improved healthcare professionalism, and sustained community mobilization to optimize the TB outcome and combat stigma. Future studies should investigate whether community-based education and advocacy interventions can reduce stigma associated with TB and increase long-term support for patients.
Abstract: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health issue in Ghana, and stigma and compromised community support are intrinsic barriers to successful treatment, diagnosis, and control. Knowledge of community attitudes and sociodemographic factors that influence stigma is crucial for developing targeted interventions in Nkoranz...
Show More
-
Research Article
Challenges and Key Factors of Breastfeeding in Costa Rica Listening to Mothers' Voices: A Phenomenological Analysis
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2025
Pages:
269-282
Received:
1 July 2025
Accepted:
14 July 2025
Published:
23 September 2025
Abstract: Objective: To analyze the current state of breastfeeding in Costa Rica by examining key indicators and identifying profiles of mothers at risk, to understand the factors influencing breastfeeding decisions and to propose evidence-based interventions in maternal and child health policies. Methodology: A qualitative study with an interpretative phenomenological approach was conducted. The lived experiences of 24 mothers from diverse regions across the country were explored and analyzed. Results: The findings reveal that, although both rural and urban mothers share a strong intention to breastfeed, they face different challenges. Perceptions of motherhood, insecurity regarding milk production, and employment-related obstacles significantly influence the time and exclusivity of breastfeeding. Urban mothers often encounter more pronounced work-related barriers, while rural mothers report limited access to professional support. Maternal education and the availability of postnatal support emerged as critical factors in sustaining breastfeeding practices. Conclusions: Strengthening postnatal support systems, enhancing maternal education, and developing strategies to reconcile breastfeeding with employment demands are essential. These measures could improve national breastfeeding indicators and help close socioeconomic gaps among mothers in different contexts.
Abstract: Objective: To analyze the current state of breastfeeding in Costa Rica by examining key indicators and identifying profiles of mothers at risk, to understand the factors influencing breastfeeding decisions and to propose evidence-based interventions in maternal and child health policies. Methodology: A qualitative study with an interpretative pheno...
Show More
-
Case Report
Sustaining Immunization Under the Roar of Cannons: Lessons Learned from Sudan, June 2023 to December 2024
Ismail Aladani,
Abdulaziz Adam,
Abdelrahim Babakir,
Nada Mohamed Ali Alnair,
Nadir Hammad,
Sahar Abd Elmoniem Alrayah*,
Nassir Gobara,
Ekhlas Elgeli,
Mohammed Elhussien,
Ali Babiker Habour,
Elfatih Mohamed Malik
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2025
Pages:
283-295
Received:
3 June 2025
Accepted:
27 June 2025
Published:
10 October 2025
Abstract: Background: Immunization is known to be a cost-effective intervention; addressing more than (20) diseases. The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) was established to ensure target population, especially children, benefit from life-saving immunization services. Securing resources, establishing systems, and demand generation are crucial for successful immunization programs. The ongoing conflict in Sudan, resulting in displacement of over 10 million people, had severely affected country’s immunization services. This study explores the impact of the conflict on Sudan’s EPI and examines the strategies employed to mitigate these challenges. Methods: A qualitative synthesis and desk review were conducted to explore the best practices, innovations, challenges, and lessons learned from June 2023- to December 2024. Five of the authors collaborated to identify sources and extracted data from the EPI reports and records. Two other authors verified the outcomes and complemented it using meeting memos. Compiled findings were shared with other authors for review and feedback. Data was manually organized and analyzed using a thematic analysis. Key themes reflected the situation of EPI program before the conflict, the impact of war on the program, and the response of EPI program. Thematic areas encompassed human resources, cold chain, routine immunization, supplementary immunization activities, surveillance and outbreak investigation. Results: By the end of 2024, the EPI in Sudan started to reverse the decline in immunization services’ coverage and accessibility resulting from war. Modification of service delivery strategies; contemplating the security status district by district was key success factor. Furthermore, program’s resilience was supported by a dedicated, committed, and responsive EPI teams at national and sub-national levels, operating in collaboration and coordination with partners, motivated by a unified vision encapsulated in the slogan “Despite what is happening, vaccination must continue”. Conclusions: To sustain the immunization services in Sudan, the EPI prioritized the cohesion and solidarity of the team, adopting a collaborative approach. This durable essence of unity was especially evident is expanding partnership in security compromised states.
Abstract: Background: Immunization is known to be a cost-effective intervention; addressing more than (20) diseases. The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) was established to ensure target population, especially children, benefit from life-saving immunization services. Securing resources, establishing systems, and demand generation are crucial for succes...
Show More
