Research Article
Assessment of the Knowledge and Utilization of Cervical Cancer Screening Services Amongst Women in Maseru District Lesotho
Lehlohonolo Paul Potjo*,
Mahlomola Kutoane,
Isabel Nyangu
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2025
Pages:
19-25
Received:
2 April 2025
Accepted:
3 May 2025
Published:
16 June 2025
Abstract: Cancer of the cervix can be prevented and cured, can be circumvented using vaccines and screening and can be cured when recognised earlier before progress. It is imperceptibly becoming a rare disease in many developed countries; while countries in sub-Saharan Africa remain negatively impacted. Universally, cervical cancer is the third most generic cancer ranking after breast and colorectal cancer and the fourth most pervasive cause of cancer death ranking below breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. Cervical cancer incidence in Africa is high though it varies considerably by region. The predominant incidence is found in Lesotho and eSwatini, two countries that have neither controlled screening orderings nor any anticancer treatment facilities. In Lesotho by 2020 there were 451(44.9%) cases of cervical cancer from a total of 1206 of all other cancers from women of all ages and this percentage is very high. There are various strategies to regulate and prevent cervical cancer which include conventional cytology (smear), liquid-based cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) screening, and vaccination against HPV. Cytology-based and HPV screening procedures are not easy to be implemented in developing nations like Lesotho. Therefore there are elevated interests in the use of visual screening by use of acetic acid (VIA) test to identify cervical cancer in Lesotho as a developing country.
Abstract: Cancer of the cervix can be prevented and cured, can be circumvented using vaccines and screening and can be cured when recognised earlier before progress. It is imperceptibly becoming a rare disease in many developed countries; while countries in sub-Saharan Africa remain negatively impacted. Universally, cervical cancer is the third most generic ...
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Research Article
A Case-control Study Undertaken to Investigate a Rubella Outbreak in Lideta Sub City Woreda-3 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2025
Pages:
26-32
Received:
21 June 2025
Accepted:
7 July 2025
Published:
15 August 2025
Abstract: Objective: Rubella is a vaccine-preventable disease that is primarily unnoticed public health problem. Hence, this study aims to describe the outbreak in terms of person, place, time, guide control measures and determine risk factors associated in Lideta Sub City, Woreda-3, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A 1:2 unmatched case-control study was conducted from February 20, 2022, to June 10, 2022. Each rubella case was identified based on the World Health Organization standard case definition. A total of 32 cases and 64 controls were interviewed by using a structured questionnaire, then, bivariate analysis was conducted to prepare for further multivariate analysis to control all potential confounders to identify the true predictors of rubella infection, variables with a p-value <0.05 had a statistically significant association with rubella infection. Results: In the study setting, 32 rubella cases were listed in the line list and tested to laboratory confirmation. Based on the laboratory results, 1 case were inconclusive, while 11 cases laboratory tested positive for rubella IgM, with an attack rate of 2 per 1000. The current study showed that 59.4% of cases are female. In the multivariable analysis, ages between 1-2 years (AOR: 5.05, 95% CI: 1.49-17.12), undernourished children (AOR: 4.27, 95% CI: 1.38-13.17), travel history (AOR: 3.96, 95% CI: 1.34-11.76) and poor housing conditions (AOR: 4.18, 95% CI: 1.39-12.55) were significant factors associated with rubella infection. Conclusion: The outbreak was caused by the absence of a rubella surveillance system, and unvaccination against rubella which increased the transmission of rubella infection. Hence, immediate isolate and treat the sick person, functional rubella surveillance system, routine rubella vaccination for susceptible childbearing women, vaccination of infants, or a combined strategy could prevent similar outbreaks.
Abstract: Objective: Rubella is a vaccine-preventable disease that is primarily unnoticed public health problem. Hence, this study aims to describe the outbreak in terms of person, place, time, guide control measures and determine risk factors associated in Lideta Sub City, Woreda-3, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A 1:2 unmatched case-control study was cond...
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Aklilu Negash Gudissa
