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Practicing Urban Agriculture Is the Most Appreciate Means to Fight Against Famine, Depression, Anxiety and Spread of Coronavirus
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
43-47
Received:
5 October 2020
Accepted:
20 October 2020
Published:
10 March 2021
Abstract: Urban agriculture is the cultivation of selective plants and animals rearing in the urban and pre urban areas for various purposes. Besides self-food sufficiency, urban agriculture is a means of social goodness, economic profitability, and precious environmental health. However, to date, most peoples in the town haven't practiced, and most spare parts of the town, roadsides, and gardens are not used for urban agriculture in almost all cities in Ethiopia. Consequently, this review paper aimed to call attention regarding urban agriculture and its plentiful significant. Since urban agriculture decisive to improve the livelihood, generates incomes and creates job opportunities. Besides, it is one of the most appreciated means to fight against famine, depression, anxiety, and the spread of coronavirus. In this paper, the types, principles, and prospects of urban agriculture are discussed based on the updated information. To this end, people can practice urban agriculture using a small plot, a container with soil or hydroponic and aeroponic systems, even if a location is a matter through the vertical farm and ensure self-food sufficiency, to stay safe and healthy.
Abstract: Urban agriculture is the cultivation of selective plants and animals rearing in the urban and pre urban areas for various purposes. Besides self-food sufficiency, urban agriculture is a means of social goodness, economic profitability, and precious environmental health. However, to date, most peoples in the town haven't practiced, and most spare pa...
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Effect of NPS Fertilizer and Intra-row Spacing Effect on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Chickpea Varieties Under Midland Conditions of Bale, South-eastern Ethiopia
Tamiru Meleta,
Reta Dargei,
Kissi Wakweya
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
48-51
Received:
19 October 2020
Accepted:
9 November 2020
Published:
10 March 2021
Abstract: Variety and location specific plant density recommendation is one of the agronomic practices used to increase the production and productivity of chickpea. However, there is a blanket recommendation across locations and varieties of chickpea in Ethiopia. Hence, Effects of blended NPS fertilizer rates and intra-row spacing on some agronomic traits of chickpea varieties were evaluated with the objective to find out the optimum amount of NPS fertilizer and intra-row spacing for chickpea production under midland conditions of Bale. The experiment was conducted using split plot design using chickpea varieties (ACOS Dubie and Habru) as main plots and NPS fertilizer rate and intra-row spacing as sub-plots with three replications. The main effect of variety showed significant effect on the number of days to mature, number of days to flower, plant height, biological and seed yield and hundred seed weight whereas, main effect of intra-row spacing did not show significant difference on all studied agronomic parameters. Similarly, main effect of blended NPS fertilizer rates did not reveal significant difference for the studied parameters. Blended NPS fertilizer rates utilized in the study areas did not show differences in most of studied traits. From this, it can be preliminarily concluded that reasonable intra-row spacing of 10 cm for both varieties of chickpea could be used for the studied areas.
Abstract: Variety and location specific plant density recommendation is one of the agronomic practices used to increase the production and productivity of chickpea. However, there is a blanket recommendation across locations and varieties of chickpea in Ethiopia. Hence, Effects of blended NPS fertilizer rates and intra-row spacing on some agronomic traits of...
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Effect of Drying Methods on Cup Quality of Selected Cultivars of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Grown in South West, Ethiopia
Mikru Tesfa,
Solomon Abera,
Abrar Sualeh
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
52-60
Received:
19 November 2020
Accepted:
14 December 2020
Published:
10 March 2021
Abstract: Coffee Arabica is an essential commodity to the livelihood of millions of Ethiopians and its quality had critical importance to the coffee industry. A study was conducted to evaluate coffee quality attributes of nine newly released coffee cultivars subjected to open sun (direct sun light) and lath house-drying methods. The experiment was designed in complete randomized design factorial with two factors (cultivars and drying methods). Coffee cultivars were (Gawe, Dessu, 744, 7440, 74148, Gesha, Merdacheriko, Wushwush and Catimor J-19) prepared using wet (washed) processing method during harvesting of 2017/18 cropping season, which were collected from different altitude of south west, Ethiopia. Cup quality was evaluated by a team of certified panelists at Jimma agricultural research center coffee processing and quality analysis laboratory. The highest value in most cup quality attributes were record in cultivars of Gesha and 74148. Similarly, cultivars of 744 and 7440 were highest in all cup quality parameters. Net lath house drying method was better in all cup quality attributes. Effect of drying method was significant difference (P<0.05) on cup quality parameters such as aromatic quality, astringency, bitterness, body and flavor. The interaction effect of cultivar and drying method shown significant difference (P<0.05) on cup quality parameter except aromatic intensity. In the future to improve and maintain coffee quality different drying method should be practiced.
Abstract: Coffee Arabica is an essential commodity to the livelihood of millions of Ethiopians and its quality had critical importance to the coffee industry. A study was conducted to evaluate coffee quality attributes of nine newly released coffee cultivars subjected to open sun (direct sun light) and lath house-drying methods. The experiment was designed i...
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Evaluation of Ethiopian Wheat Germplasm Against Yellow Rust (Puccinia striiformis) Disease Under Field Condition
Daniel Kasa,
Tamirat Negash
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
61-65
Received:
23 December 2020
Accepted:
29 January 2021
Published:
10 March 2021
Abstract: Wheat rust outbreak especially yellow rust is the major production constraint in Ethiopia. Arsi Zone is the hot spot zone for yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis (Pst)) particularly Meraro and Bekoji sites are frequently yellow rust epidemic was occur due favorable environmental and higher pressure of inoculums in the areas. Therefore, the objective the study was to identify sources of resistance against yellow rust at adult plant stage under hot spot sites. In this study, Three hundred seventy five elite breeding and advanced lines were planted at Meraro, Arsi-Robe and Bekoji. The results show that 34, 10 and 54% of the lines at Meraro were found resistant to moderately resistant, intermediate and moderately susceptible to susceptible. At Arsi-Robe 61, 23.5 and 15.5% of lines were showed that resistant to moderately resistant, intermediate and moderately susceptible to susceptible. Finally, at Bekoji 35.5, 21.3 and 43.2% lines at were resistant to moderately resistant, intermediate and moderately susceptible to susceptible category of yellow rust. Average coefficient of infection (ACI) less than 20% showed at Meraro (34%), Bekoji (35.5%) and Arsi-Robe (61%) was good percent of resistance to the current yellow rust pressure respectively, indicating higher disease pressure at Meraro and Bekoji than that of Arsi-Robe. Among the lines, 43.7% showed a good level of resistance (<30% severity) in all locations. Generally, most of the lines, which showed better resistance at Arsi-Robe, were susceptible at Meraro and Bekoji.
Abstract: Wheat rust outbreak especially yellow rust is the major production constraint in Ethiopia. Arsi Zone is the hot spot zone for yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis (Pst)) particularly Meraro and Bekoji sites are frequently yellow rust epidemic was occur due favorable environmental and higher pressure of inoculums in the areas. Therefore, the objective ...
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Growth and Yield of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Varieties as Influenced by Application of NPS Fertilizer at Ginir, South-eastern Ethiopia
Chala Gutema,
Jemal Abdullahi,
Tamado Tana
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
66-74
Received:
15 December 2020
Accepted:
31 December 2020
Published:
10 March 2021
Abstract: Shortage of improved varieties and soil nutrient depletion are the major production constraints of fenugreek in mid-altitude of Bale Zone in Ethiopia. Therefore, an on-farm experiment was conducted at Ginir, south-eastern Ethiopia, to assess the effect of NPS fertilizer rates on growth and, yield components and seed yield of fenugreek varieties. Factorial combinations of three fenugreek varieties (Burqa, Chala and Ebisa) and five rates of NPS (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg NPS ha-1) were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance showed that the main effects of varieties significantly influenced days to 50% flowering, days to 90% physiological maturity and thousand seed weight. The highest thousand seed weight (17.31 g) was recorded from variety Burqa. Variety Chala was the earliest to reach days to 50% flowering (63.27 days) while variety Burqa was the earliest (115 days) to reach 90% of physiological maturity. Similarly, the main effect of NPS showed significantly higher number of primary branches per plant (5.11), number of pod per plant (25.47) and biomass yield (7160 kg ha-1) at 200 kg NPS ha-1 while the highest thousand seed weight (18.44g) was obtained at 150 kg NPS ha-1. The interaction of NPS fertilizer and varieties showed significant effect on plant height, number of seeds per pod and seed yield. The highest plant height (53.67cm) was recorded from Chala variety at 200 kg NPS fertilizer ha-1 while the highest number of seeds per pod (11.89) was recorded from variety Burqa at 150 kg NPS fertilizer ha-1. Similarly, the highest seed yield (1980 kg ha-1) was recorded from variety Ebisa at 150 kg NPS fertilizer ha-1. The economic analysis revealed that the highest net return of (42231.67 and 40361.9 ETB ha-1) with marginal rate of return (566.84 and 542.5%) were recorded for varieties of Ebisa and Chala respectively, while variety Burqa resulted in the higher net benefit (39294.8 ETB ha-1) with the highest marginal rate of return (166.24%) at 100 kg NPS ha-1. Therefore, it can tentatively be concluded that application of 150 kg NPS ha-1 Ebisa and Chala varieties and 100 kg NPS ha-1 of variety Burqa to be the best treatment in the study area.
Abstract: Shortage of improved varieties and soil nutrient depletion are the major production constraints of fenugreek in mid-altitude of Bale Zone in Ethiopia. Therefore, an on-farm experiment was conducted at Ginir, south-eastern Ethiopia, to assess the effect of NPS fertilizer rates on growth and, yield components and seed yield of fenugreek varieties. Fa...
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Agronomic Performance of Different Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp) Varieties Cultivated as Sole and Intercropped with Maize in Chewaka District, South West Ethiopia
Sisay Legese,
Taye Tolemariam,
Kassahun Desalegn
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
75-84
Received:
4 January 2021
Accepted:
18 January 2021
Published:
10 March 2021
Abstract: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp) is a legume crop grown for multipurpose uses. There are various varieties of cowpea grown under different agro ecologies throughout the world. The experiment was conducted at Chewacka district Buno Bedele Zone, South western Ethiopia; to identify adaptive and high yielding varieties under sole and cowpea maize based cropping system. The experimental contained 10 treatment combinations of sole Sewunet, sole Bole, sole Bekur, sole 9333, sole local, Sewunet+maize, Bole+maize, Bekur+maize, 9333+maize, local+maize. The treatment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data on performance during establishment and growth parameter were collected. The data were analyzed using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS version of 9.3). Results indicated that days to emergence, crop stand vigor, number of leaves/plant, number of branches/plant, plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity showed significant variation (P<0.05) among cowpea varieties and cropping system. The highest numbers of leaves were recorded in sewunet (86.27) and Bole (81.93) in sole cropped cowpea, whereas, for cowpea intercropped with maize, the highest number of leaves (52.60) was recorded in Bole. On the other hand, the highest branch number was recorded from Sewunet (8.27) in sole cropped whereas; Bole recorded the highest branches in both sole (8.13) and intercropped with maize (5.2). Bole variety flowered early in both mono-cropped (49.67 days) and cowpea maize based cropped (55.33 days) whereas, Sewunet variety flowered late (62.67days) for mono-cultured and cowpea maize based cropped (66.67days). Bole variety had early pod setting both under sole (57.67) and maize intercropping (62.33), whereas, sewunet variety was late pod setting under sole (70.00) and when intercropped with maize (73.33). Bole variety was found to be superior in most parameters recorded when cultivated sole and intercropped with maize, so that, it can be integrated crops under the current land scarcity in Ethiopia. Further study is also important to see the effects of feeding cowpea forages on animal performances.
Abstract: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp) is a legume crop grown for multipurpose uses. There are various varieties of cowpea grown under different agro ecologies throughout the world. The experiment was conducted at Chewacka district Buno Bedele Zone, South western Ethiopia; to identify adaptive and high yielding varieties under sole and cowpea maize ba...
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Maize Growth (Zea mays l.) Modeling Using the Artificial Neural Networks Method at Daloa (Côte d’Ivoire)
Kouame N’Guessan,
Assidjo Nogbou Emmanuel
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
85-92
Received:
23 February 2021
Accepted:
8 March 2021
Published:
26 March 2021
Abstract: The growth of maize is a complex phenomenon which involves certain parameters including the number of leaves, the length of the leaves, the width of the leaves, the height and the circumference of the plant. A study of these growth parameters was carried out in the region of Daloa (Côte d’Ivoire). These measurements could show a complexity of the growth of maize. To this end, mathematical models have been developed to predict this growth from artificial neural networks for the number of leaves, the length of the leaves, the width of the leaves, the height of the plant and the circumference of the trunk of the maize plant. The coefficients of determination between the experimental measurements and the measurements predicted by artificial neural networks are respectively 0.9914; 0.9965; 0.9872; 0.9995 and 0.9976 for plant height; the number of leaves; the circumference of the plant; leaf length and leaf width. Satisfactory results have been obtained insofar as all the coefficients of determination are greater than 0.98. These coefficients close to 1 show a good interpolation between the experimental values and those predicted by the model. Because of this, we can say that the values predicted by the artificial neural network are reliable enough to predict the growth of maize.
Abstract: The growth of maize is a complex phenomenon which involves certain parameters including the number of leaves, the length of the leaves, the width of the leaves, the height and the circumference of the plant. A study of these growth parameters was carried out in the region of Daloa (Côte d’Ivoire). These measurements could show a complexity of the g...
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