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Factors Affecting the Ethanol Production from Sugar Beet Molasses
Attia EL-Makhzangy,
Abd EL-Gawad EL-Shawaf,
Awatif Lotfy Mohamed
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2023
Pages:
32-37
Received:
13 August 2022
Accepted:
30 August 2022
Published:
18 April 2023
Abstract: Sugar beet molasses is one of the important by products in sugar industry, it in dark brown to black colored and rich source of various polysaccharides. So, it can be used in the production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Data showed that 2% inoculums size was the best size of all tested for molasses media. Where the alcohol production was 4.6 ml /100 media with economic coefficient 53.7% and yield coefficient 46.1%. Also, incubation periods were tested from 2 to 14 days. Maximum alcohol production was noticed at the sixth day of fermentation, it was 4.71% ml/100ml medium. The economic and yield coefficient were 53.7% and 46.1%; respectively. Results showed at 30°C incubation temperature the yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced high value of ethanol production. 4.61 ml /100ml medium with high value of economic coefficient 53.7% and 46.1% of yield coefficient. While PH 5 was the optimal value for ethanol production from molasses, where alcohol production was 4.61%, economic coefficient and yield coefficient were 53.7% and 46.1%, respectively. Increasing the PH value up to 5.5 did not increase the ethanol production. but ethanol production was recorded decrease value. Data showed that at 20°C incubation temperature and 14.0% initial, sugar the ethanol production was 5.16% with 40% economic coefficient, while at 30°C incubation temperature the maximum ethanol production was 6.3% with economic coefficient 49.0% where the initial sugar was 14.0%.
Abstract: Sugar beet molasses is one of the important by products in sugar industry, it in dark brown to black colored and rich source of various polysaccharides. So, it can be used in the production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Data showed that 2% inoculums size was the best size of all tested for molasses media. Where the alcohol production was ...
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The Effect of Honeybee (Apis mellifera) Pollination on Seed Yield and Yield Components of Brassica carinata A. Braun Shaya Variety in Highland of Bale, South-Eastern Ethiopia
Temaro Gelgelu Desha,
Bekele Tesfaye Dubale,
Wendimu Lelisa Soboka
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2023
Pages:
38-43
Received:
15 February 2023
Accepted:
4 April 2023
Published:
23 April 2023
Abstract: Pollination is the most important ecosystem service provided by insects. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of honeybee pollination on seed yield and yield related components of Brassica carinata Shaya variety at the highland of Bale (2020 to 2022). The study had three treatments; which includes crops caged with honeybees, crops caged without honeybees, and open pollinated with five replications. The experimental design was arranged in RCBD. All collected data were statistically analyzed using one way ANOVA using Gen-Stat software. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) on flowering periods, number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, and thousands seed weights. Whereas, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in date flowering, number of primary branches, and secondary branches among treatments. The highest seed yield had observed in crops caged with honeybees (24.01quintal/ha) followed by open pollinated crops (19.91quintal/ha), whereas crops excluded from insect pollinators showed the least (17.08 quintals/ha. The result revealed that crops caged with honeybees and open pollinations had 34.8% and 16.57% seed yield advantage respectively over crops excluded from insect pollinators. Therefore, it is important to keep a sufficient number of honeybee colonies nearby the field of B. carinata during flowering periods to boost seed production and productivity in similar agro-ecologies. Further study could be required to evaluate honey bee colonies carrying capacity of the B. carinata.
Abstract: Pollination is the most important ecosystem service provided by insects. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of honeybee pollination on seed yield and yield related components of Brassica carinata Shaya variety at the highland of Bale (2020 to 2022). The study had three treatments; which includes crops caged with honeybees, crops caged w...
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Highland Maize Technology Demonstration: Evidence from Three Maize Growing Districts of West and Southwest Ethiopia
Mamaru Tesfaye,
Hana Amare
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2023
Pages:
44-51
Received:
2 April 2023
Accepted:
21 April 2023
Published:
10 May 2023
Abstract: Maize is Ethiopia's most important crop in terms of production, and it contributes significantly to the country's economic and social development. The study was conducted in Wonchi, Ejere, and Kersa Malima districts of South West Shewa and West Shewa zone of Oromia region, Ethiopia, to evaluate and identify adaptable improved maize varieties and familiarize farmers with highland maize production techniques. The districts were selected purposively based on their production potential and accessibility for maize production. In this study, a participatory extension approach is employed as part of the methodology to select a demonstration site and host farmers. A total of 54 host farmers were chosen, and the trial was conducted on selected farmers' fields, with three varieties planted side by side on equal-sized plots size (10m2 x 15m2) from each district. Highland maize namely Jibat and Hora varieties along with a standard check (BH-661) were demonstrated and evaluated for grain yield and other parameters across tested sites. In the course of the implementation phase, different levels of field days at different growth stages of the crop were organized for respective potential Kebeles, and during the event stakeholders including host farmers and surrounding farmers, researchers, development agents, agricultural experts, and administrators attended to share experience, evaluate performance, and communicate the activity's progress. The variety selection process was carried out from different dimensions including both pre-harvest and post-harvest assessments. Using these criteria, the farmers identified varieties that are appropriate for their specific locations. Accordingly, host farmers showed special interest in Jibat and Hora varieties respectively. Overall grain yield performances of Jibat and Hora varieties on farmers' fields were 5.1 and 3.8 t/ha-1, respectively. Furthermore, the yield advantage of the two preferred varieties over the standard ones ranged from 54.9% to 15.1% in the three tested districts as compared to the standard checks. Beside this research intervention made impact to improving food security, livelihood, and knowledge and skill of host farmers in the study area. Hence, Based on the study's findings, it is recommended that the Jibat maize variety should be scaled up in the farming community to improve the maize production and productivity of the area, thereby improving their livelihood.
Abstract: Maize is Ethiopia's most important crop in terms of production, and it contributes significantly to the country's economic and social development. The study was conducted in Wonchi, Ejere, and Kersa Malima districts of South West Shewa and West Shewa zone of Oromia region, Ethiopia, to evaluate and identify adaptable improved maize varieties and fa...
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Effect of Sowing Date of Resistant and Susceptible Faba Bean, Vicia faba L. Cultivars on Orobanche crenata Forsk Seed Bank and Faba Bean Production
Esmat Mohamed Hussein Hegazi,
Wedad Emam Khafagi,
Manal Ahmed Attia,
Abou Zeid Abou Zeid,
Mohamed Awad Al-Eryan,
Nagat Mohamed Aly,
Safaa Moustafa Abd El-Rahman,
Anter Kenawy Mahmoud,
Hamdy Kotb Abou Taleb,
Amany Moustafa Abu-Shall,
Mervat Abo Elhamed Hasaneen,
Sania Fateh Allah Showiel
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2023
Pages:
52-56
Received:
7 April 2023
Accepted:
2 May 2023
Published:
18 May 2023
Abstract: The broomrape, Orobanche crenata Forsk (Orobanchaceae) is a serious annual parasitic weed that causes considerable losses in many major crops including faba bean (Vicia faba L.). In Egypt: losses due to O. crenata parasitism may reach 40 to 100%. Despite using several methods to control O. crenata, success has not been achieved. The impact of different control tactics on O. crenata is not well understood. However, Sowing date appears to be one of the potential solutions for controlling O. crenata. In this work we investigated the effect of sowing dates on both the level of infection by O. crenata and the pod yield of faba bean using resistant (Giza 843) and susceptible (Nubaria 1) faba bean cultivars in naturally Orobanche infested soil. Moreover, the Orobanche seeds production was determined as an indication of seed bank future adding in soil. Under Orobanche free conditions, Nubaria 1 cultivar produces more pod yield than the resistant cultivar. The results demonstrated that, late sowing (3 weeks after normal sowing date) reduced significantly the number of emerged O. crenata shoots for both the resistant and the susceptible cultivars., Late sowing similarly contributed to a significant increase in pod yield (dry weight (kg)/plot) especially for Giza 843 (5.15 ± 0.02 Kg /plot), the resistant cultivar, which produced much higher pod yield than the susceptible Nubaria 1 cultivar (2.98± 0.06 Kg /plot) during the first season (2019 - 2020). During the second season (2020 - 2021), the pod yield was (3.85 ± 0.10) and (5.49± 0.76) Kg/plot for Giza 843 and Nubaria 1 cultivars, respectively, compared with the early sowing date. Furthermore, regarding both seasons, the seeds number per spike decreased significantly with the late sowing date in both the resistant and susceptible cultivars.
Abstract: The broomrape, Orobanche crenata Forsk (Orobanchaceae) is a serious annual parasitic weed that causes considerable losses in many major crops including faba bean (Vicia faba L.). In Egypt: losses due to O. crenata parasitism may reach 40 to 100%. Despite using several methods to control O. crenata, success has not been achieved. The impact of diffe...
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