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A Qualitative Analysis of the Impact of Political Trust in the Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccine in Three Nigerian Geopolitical Zones
Nwoke Emmanuel Chukwuebuka,
Ebenezer Obi Daniel,
Oladapo Michael Olagbegi,
Paul Olaiya Abiodun,
Ahmed Mamuda Bello,
Michael Avwerhota,
Michael Olabode Tomori,
Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia,
Adebanke Adetutu Ogun,
Folake Abiola Abiodun,
Stellamaris Moronkeji,
Esther Brodrick-Shehu
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
1-7
Received:
14 December 2022
Accepted:
6 January 2023
Published:
13 January 2023
Abstract: The issue of COVID-19 vaccination is an important step in the control of the COVID-19 infection in the community. There have been different adopted strategies in the control of the infection and the best public intervention has been getting vaccinated for now. The most likely solution to ending the current pandemic remains through achieving a better community reach, and the frank acceptance of the availed WHO-approved COVID-19 vaccine in communities. In this study, the reason for the COVID-19 vaccine uptake was evaluated across 3 geopolitical zones in Nigeria with differential political affiliation. This study utilized a qualitative sample collection methodology to qualify the prevalence of different views on COVID-19 vaccine acceptability, access, and political trust. The data was gathered utilizing pre-tested in-depth interviews, which were transcribed and analyzed thematically through the transcripts obtained from the open-ended key informant interviews. The findings from the qualitative studies indicated that the fear of the side effects, apathy/lack of interest, scarce logistics, people’s opinion, and self-denial were more of the pertinent issue around the poor COVID-19 vaccine uptake among the respondents. Government needs to ensure that health interventions rolled are adequately accessible to the targeted people and should consider the community culture while rolling out health interventions.
Abstract: The issue of COVID-19 vaccination is an important step in the control of the COVID-19 infection in the community. There have been different adopted strategies in the control of the infection and the best public intervention has been getting vaccinated for now. The most likely solution to ending the current pandemic remains through achieving a bette...
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International Survey & Analysis of Laws and Regulations Addressing Internet Addiction and/or Problematic Usage of the Internet
Louis-François Pau,
Zviad Kirtava
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
8-14
Received:
17 October 2022
Accepted:
3 January 2023
Published:
17 January 2023
Abstract: Public health is facing new types of global challenges coming from the risks all classes of population get exposed to via their growing use of Internet based media and contents. As the individualized treatment of such health and social problems is both difficult and very costly, preventive and legislative measures have been taken in a vast number of countries. Excessive internet use has not yet been recognised as a disorder by the World Health Organization (WHO), nor in the American Psychiatric Association’s list of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5); however, the related diagnosis of online gaming disorder (6C50) and online gaming disorder (6C51) have been included in the forthcoming 11th revision of WHO International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). This paper is focussing on top-down laws voted in a Parliament, or enacted public regulations and some industry wide regulations, which, in different countries, tackle one or several facets of Internet addiction or problematic uses of the Internet (PUI). This international survey is carried out on a basis of laws and regulations in each country, with Internet addiction or PUI as a direct or indirect scope. This has resulted early 2020 in the identification and summarization of a catalogue of 66 laws or regulations from 50 countries, each described in template form in a supplementary document. The identified laws and regulations are analysed with respect to specific consequences of the Internet addictions, as well as by categories of stakeholders addressed in these measures. The laws and regulations are also classified in terms of the underlying principles and solution approaches, showing large cultural differences.
Abstract: Public health is facing new types of global challenges coming from the risks all classes of population get exposed to via their growing use of Internet based media and contents. As the individualized treatment of such health and social problems is both difficult and very costly, preventive and legislative measures have been taken in a vast number o...
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Double Regulation of Supplement-Detoxification on Diabetic Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Excessive Autophagy
Fu Xianzhao,
Jiang Xiaofeng,
Chen Jiajun,
Shen Yaya
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
15-22
Received:
9 January 2023
Accepted:
6 February 2023
Published:
9 February 2023
Abstract: Objecive To explore the mechanism of Huoxue Jiedu Jiangtang recipe (HJJR) in regulating the hyperactivation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) autophagy PERK-eIF2a-LC3 pathway, and reveal its prevention for diabetic atherosclerosis. Methods First, the rats were injected with streptozotocin intraperitoneally to make the diabetic models, and then the aortic balloon injury combined with high-fat feeding were used to make the models of atherosclerosis who were randomly divided into model group, western medicine group (Gliquidone + Benazepril), low-dose HJJR group (HJJR1), high-dose HJJR group (HJJR2), and accepted corresponding drugs for 8 weeks respectively. Another blank group was used as control. The changes of serum glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb), homocysteine (Hcy) and angiotensinII (Ang1I) were compared. HE staining was used to detect aortic pathology. The mRNA transcription of PRK-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), eucaryotic translation initation factor 2α (eIF2α) and CCAAT / Enhance-Binding Protein Homologous Protein (CHOP) were tested by reverse- transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blot were used to detect the expression of autophagy activating protein ATG6 (Beclin-1), autophagy protein microtubule-associated protein light chain LC3-1, LC3-II and LC3-II/LC3-I. Results Compared with the model group, after the drug intervention, the aortic tissue injury in each drug group were reduced, and the improvement in the Chinese medicine group was significantly better than that of the western medicine group (P < 0.05). All treatment groups could significantly lowed the levels of serum GHb, Hcy, and Ang1I (P < 0.05), could down regulate the transcription level of PERK, eIF2α and CHOP mRNA (P < 0.05); and decreased the amount of Beclin 1, LC3-II and LC3-II/LC3-1 autophagy protein in aortic cells (P < 0.05). The effect of HJJF group was better, and it was more significant with the increase of HJJF dose. Conclusion HJJR can protect arteries by inhibiting ERS caused by metabolic disorder in diabetes, correcting the homeostasis affecting ER, reducing the overreaction of PERK-eIF2-LC3, and alleviating autophagy effect.
Abstract: Objecive To explore the mechanism of Huoxue Jiedu Jiangtang recipe (HJJR) in regulating the hyperactivation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) autophagy PERK-eIF2a-LC3 pathway, and reveal its prevention for diabetic atherosclerosis. Methods First, the rats were injected with streptozotocin intraperitoneally to make the diabetic models, and then ...
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Diabetes Awareness and Complications in Patients from Clinics in the Centre Region, Cameroon
Abah Abah Aristide Stephane,
Atabonkeng Etienne Philemon,
Kom Bernadette Flaure,
Haoua Farida Oumarou,
Nwaha Nwaha Marcel Wilfried,
Ateba Ohana Joseph Alain,
Ngo Sack Francoise Fidele,
Metogo Mbarga Bernard,
Mapa Tassou Clarisse,
Mbala Carine Florence,
Mbanya Nganou Jean Claude
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
23-28
Received:
9 January 2023
Accepted:
6 February 2023
Published:
21 February 2023
Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem with complications having significant morbidity and mortality on the populations. It is a growing condition in developing countries, which are hosting nearly 75% of the world's diabetic patients. In the present study, we assessed the knowledge, attitude and practices of diabetic patients about the disease risk factors (smoking, alcohol, lack of exercise), and determined the frequencies of complications and some links between risks factors and complications in patients attending health clinics in the centre region of Cameroon. Methodology: The study was conducted from June 2017 to June 2020 in diabetes clinics of the Centre region of Cameroon. Diabetic patients attending the clinics for routine follow-up were enrolled in the study after they consented and signed an informed consent form. Their socio-demographic data, dietetic habit (eating, cigarette and alcohol intake, physical activity) were recorded on a questionnaire while the disease complications were obtained from their medical record. Results: A total of 588 patients were involved in the study including 68.20% females and 31.80% males. Fourteen (2.4%) patients were type 1 diabetes while 96.60% were type 2 diabetes. The mean age of participants was 31.28 ± 4.38 and 59.00 ± 12.21 years old for type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively 37.52% participants regularly consumed alcohol whereas 3.74% were smokers. Complications of diabetes such as hypertension and ketoacidosis were detected in 62% and 15% of the diabetic participants, respectively. Physical activity significantly prevented or delayed the onset of hypertension, stroke and dyslipidemia. Significant association was observed between stroke and dyslipidemia in smokers as compared to non-smokers. Conclusion: This study reveals that diabetic patients had poor level of awareness, non-appropriated attitude toward preventing the outcome of disease complications.
Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem with complications having significant morbidity and mortality on the populations. It is a growing condition in developing countries, which are hosting nearly 75% of the world's diabetic patients. In the present study, we assessed the knowledge, attitude and practices of diabetic patient...
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Analysis of Depression and Working Memory Effectiveness of 'Active Health Mini Program'
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
29-36
Received:
19 January 2023
Accepted:
9 February 2023
Published:
21 February 2023
Abstract: Parents of special children will encounter many difficulties and pressures in the process of raising special children, which will cause discomfort in mental health, such as depression. Depression is usually accompanied by cognitive decline, and its working memory will be damaged. The existing tools are cumbersome for the test of depression and working memory capacity. For general hospitals, rapid and convenient diagnosis of patients ' depression and working memory is of great practical significance for doctors to make treatment plans. Therefore, this experiment first tested the applicability of Zung self rating depression scale (SDS) in parents of special children, and simplified the SDS on this basis. Secondly, the effectiveness of depression and working memory tasks in active health mini-programs will be investigated. In this experiment, 125 parents were recruited. (1) The internal consistency coefficient of SDS was 0.83; (2) Split-half reliability, Spearman-Brown correction coefficient was 0.72; (3) Factor analysis, According to the Ksiser method, five factors were obtained by the criterion of eigenvalue ≥ 1, the characteristic roots were 5.38, 3.07, 1.72, 1.12 and 1.01, respectively, which explained 22.59%, 15.82%, 8.05%, 7.83% and 7.18% of the variation values, and the cumulative contribution rate was 61.47%, Four factors were obtained by reclassifying the factors with too few variables; (4) There was a significant positive correlation between the small program depression score and the SDS, r = 0.42, P < 0.001; (5) There was a significant positive correlation between small program working memory name and memory color, r = 0.25, P < 0.05; (6) There was a significant positive correlation between the correct number of small program memory items and the position 1 of Bcak corsi knock task (BCT), r = 0.49, P < 0.01; (7) There was a significant negative correlation between the correct number of small program memory items and the position 2 of BCT, r = -0.56, P < 0.01; (8) There was a significant positive correlation between the two memory positions of BCT, r = -0.81, P < 0.01. The results showed that although it did not fully reflect the patient's overall depression or working memory status, the self-assessment of depression and working memory in the small program can reflect the patient's depression and cognitive impairment. It is an effective and simple tool.
Abstract: Parents of special children will encounter many difficulties and pressures in the process of raising special children, which will cause discomfort in mental health, such as depression. Depression is usually accompanied by cognitive decline, and its working memory will be damaged. The existing tools are cumbersome for the test of depression and work...
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A Survey on the Growth and Development of 11026 Children Aged 6-14 in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
Lin Hang,
Jie-ping Zhang,
Yu-ying Chen
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
37-42
Received:
24 January 2023
Accepted:
16 February 2023
Published:
21 February 2023
Abstract: Objective: To analyze the growth and development of children aged 6-14 in Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, China in 2020, and to provide basis for the healthy development of local children. Methods: A total of 11026 children aged 6-14 from 9 primary schools in Yangzhou were investigated by stratified cluster sampling method. The growth and development indexes were analyzed according to the Chinese children growth standard and growth curve. Results: In Yangzhou, the rate of partial short rate was 4.93%, incidence of short stature was 1.08%, overweight rate was 20.67%, obesity rate was 18.77% and precocious puberty rate was 0.36%. Obesity rates were highest among children at age 7 (20.94%) and the overweight rate was highest at 11 years old (24.01%). The overweight rate and obesity rate of boys from 6 to 14 years old were higher than those of girls (χ2 values were 6.250, 104.259, P < 0.01). The short stature and partial short rate of boys and girls aged 6-14 were similar (χ2 values were 2.940, 0.136, P > 0.05). Conclusion: The obesity problem of children in Yangzhou is increasingly serious, and the obesity rate of boys is higher than that of girls. Parents should check the height, weight and growth of children regularly. The children that has obesity, short stature or precocious puberty problem should see a doctor in time, so that early diagnosis and treatment.
Abstract: Objective: To analyze the growth and development of children aged 6-14 in Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, China in 2020, and to provide basis for the healthy development of local children. Methods: A total of 11026 children aged 6-14 from 9 primary schools in Yangzhou were investigated by stratified cluster sampling method. The growth and development i...
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